Chapter 10 - Social Psychology Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 10 - Social Psychology Deck (34)
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1
Q

Social Psych

A

Social psychology

How our thoughts feelings and behaviors are influenced by others

2
Q

Attributions

A

Attributions

Inferences people draw about their own and others behavior - making meaning out of life

3
Q

Internal attributions

External attributions

Stability of causes

A

Internal attributions
When the cause of the behavior is attributed to people’s Personal predispositions, traits, feelings,

External attributions
Cause is because of the environmental constraints/demands

Stability of causes
Stable: persons innate abilities, task difficulty

Unstable - persons present mood, luck

4
Q

Types of mental biases (5 types)

A

Types of mental biases
Actor observer bias

The fundamental attribution error error

Self serving bias

Gender bias

Cultural bias

5
Q

Actor observer bias

A

Actor observer bias

Person doing behavior (actor) is more likely to make external attribution
Person watching behavior is more likely to attribute it to internal

6
Q

The fundamental attribution error error

A

The fundamental attribution error error

People attribute someone’s behavior towards internal influences and not external factors

Jones and Harris debate experiment:
When the observer listened to speeches told they were assigned aff/neg

7
Q

Self serving bias

A

Self serving bias

We are more likely to attribute success to internal attributions and failures to external factors

8
Q

Gender bias

A

Gender bias

Women who do well at men’s tasks are seen as lucky, placed on external attributions

9
Q

Cultural bias

Individualism culture
Collectivism

A

Cultural bias

Individualism culture

Favor individual goals
Do what you want
Tend to promote self serving and attribute

Collectivism

Works as a  group
effacing bias (make seem insignificant)
10
Q

Attraction

A

Attraction

The natural feeling of being drawn to other individuals and desiring their company.

11
Q

Matching hypothesis

Similarity

Proximity

Reciprocity

A

Matching hypothesis
Males and females of similar physical attractiveness select each other

Similarity 
Age race religion class education intelligence attitude

Proximity
Physical distance v functional distance

Reciprocity
We like people who like us back

12
Q

Halo effect

A

Halo effect

Occurs when an overall imppression to a character company or product

13
Q

Attitudes

A

Attitudes

Evaluation of a person place thing or effect

14
Q

Components of attitude

A

Components of attitude

Affect - emotions
Behavior - predisposition to act
Cognition - beliefs and ideas (schemas)

15
Q

Components of attitude

Affect
Behavior
Cognition

A

Components of attitude

Affect - emotions
Behavior - predisposition to act
Cognition - beliefs and ideas (schemas)

16
Q

Attitude dimensions

Strength

Accessibility

Ambivalence

A

Attitude dimensions

Strength
The stronger the attitude the less it will change

Accessibility
The time it takes for an attitude to come to mind

Ambivalence
When it’s not completely positive or negative

17
Q

Types of attitude

A

Types of attitude

Explicit attitude
Conscious or overt attitudes

Implicit attitude
Unconscious or covertly influence behavior

18
Q

Attitude dimensions

A

Attitude dimensions

Strength
The stronger the attitude the less it will change

Accessibility
The time it takes for an attitude to come to mind

Ambivalence
When it’s not completely positive or negative

19
Q

4 Ways attitudes are learned:

Learning theory

Evaluating conditioning

Operant conditioning

Observational learning

A

4 Ways attitudes are learned:

Learning theory

  • parents
  • Peers
  • Media
  • Culture

Evaluating conditioning
-transferring attitude From US to new CS

Operant conditioning
Stating an opinion and reactions from others reinforce or weaken attitude

Observational learning
Exposure to viewpoints may influence own attitudes

20
Q

4 Ways attitudes are learned:

A

4 Ways attitudes are learned:

Learning theory

  • parents
  • Peers
  • Media
  • Culture

Evaluating conditioning
-transferring attitude From US to new CS

Operant conditioning
Stating an opinion and reactions from others reinforce or weaken attitude

Observational learning
Exposure to viewpoints may influence own attitudes

21
Q

Cognitive dissonance

A

Cognitive dissonance
A person is presented with a belief opposite theirs

May lead to:

  • Change belief
  • Change in constant cognition
  • Ignore or deny
  • Justify by adding knowledge
22
Q

Conformity

A

Conformity

Yielding to real or imagined social pressure

23
Q

Asch conformity study

A

Asch conformity study

  • Seven in a room, 6th was the subject
  • The sixth would agree with them 40% of the time
  • Social pressure caused them to change answer
  • Peaks around 6-7 people
24
Q

Obedience

A

Obedience

When people follow a direct command from someone in authority

25
Q

Milgram Obedience Study

A

Milgram

  • Learner in room and teacher
  • Every time L got wrong answer T gave electric shock
  • 2/3 of people were ready to kill a man
26
Q

Why do we obey?

A

Why do we obey?
To avoid punishment
We’ve been taught to follow rules
The need to be liked

27
Q

Zimbardo Stanford prison situation

A

Zimbardo Stanford prison situation

  • Half people were made guards half were prisoners
  • What happens when you leave them alone two weeks
  • Within twenty four hours people were planning rebellions and riots, it had to be terminated in 6 days
28
Q

Bystander effect

A

Bystander effect
If Someone needs help they’re less likely to get help when there’s a group of people present than when they’re alone with another

29
Q

Social loafing

A

Social loafing

The tendency to exert less effort in a group task in which individual contribution cannot be monitored

30
Q

Ringelmann effect

A

Ringelmann effect is the first ex of social loafing

31
Q

Why does SL happen/ how do we fix it?

A

Why does this happen?

  • Diffusion of responsibility
  • Decreased evaluation apprehension
  • Perceiving that your efforts don’t matter
  • Don’t care about group or task

Fixing this

  • Being assigned specific tasks
  • Having a way to evaluate the people
  • Increasing group members perceived importance
  • Increase involvement
  • Individual goals
  • Smaller groups
  • Collectivistic societies
32
Q

Passionate Love

A

PassionateLove
Complete absorption in another person
Sexual feelings, agony and intensity for another person

33
Q

Companionate Love

A

Companionate
Warm trust tolerant affection

Another person who’s life is deeply intertwined in your own

34
Q

Attraction: evolution perspective

A

Attraction: evolution perspective

Maximizing reproductive fitness

Attractiveness as an indicator of reproductive potential is more important for men

Can they provide us more important for women