Chapter 10: Origin and Diversification of Life on Earth Flashcards Preview

BIO 111: Introduction To Biology > Chapter 10: Origin and Diversification of Life on Earth > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 10: Origin and Diversification of Life on Earth Deck (16)
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1
Q

Classifying Asexual Species

A

Asexual reproduction does not involve interbreeding, so the concept of reproductive isolation is no longer meaningful

2
Q

Classifying Fossil Species

A

Differences in size and shape of fossil bones cannot reveal whether there was reproductive isolation between the individuals from which the bones came

3
Q

Determining when one species has changed into another

A

There is rarely a definitive moment marking the transition from one species to another

4
Q

Classifying Ring Species

A

Two non-interbreeding populations may be connected to each other by gene flow through another population so there is no exact point where one species stops and the other begins

5
Q

Classifying Hybridizing Species

A

The interbreeding of closely related species sometimes occurs and produces fertile offspring suggesting that the borders between the species are not clear cut

6
Q

Convergent Evolution

A

Occurs when populations of different organisms live in similar environments and experience similar selective forces

7
Q

Analogous Traits

A

Are characteristics that are similar because they were produced by convergent evolution not because they share a common ancestor

8
Q

Homologous Features

A

Features that are inherited from a common ancestor

9
Q

Macroevolution

A

The accumulated effect of micro evolution over a long period of time

10
Q

Micro evolution

A

A slight change in allele frequencies over one or a few generations

11
Q

Punctuated Equilibrium

A

Since the pace of evolution is not constant there are long periods of little evolutionary change mixed with bursts of rapid evolutionary change

12
Q

Gradual Change

A

Evolution occurs gradually in incremental steps

13
Q

Adaptive Radiation

A

A small number of species diversified into a much larger number of species that are able to live in a wide diversity of habitats

14
Q

Mass Extinction Events

A

With their competition suddenly eliminated, the remaining species can rapidly diversify

15
Q

Colonization Events

A

Moving to a new location with new resources and possibly fewer competitors the colonizers can rapidly diversify

16
Q

Evolutionary Innovations

A

With the evolution of an innovative feature that increases fitness, a species can rapidly diversify