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Flashcards in Chapter 10 Deck (22)
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1
Q

instinct theory

A

focuses on genetically predisposed behaviors

2
Q

arousal theory

A

focuses on finding the right levels of stimulation

3
Q

complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned

A

instinct

4
Q

drive reduction theory

A

a physiological need creates an aroused tension state that motivates an organism to satisfy the need

5
Q

the tendency to maintain a balanced or constant internal state

A

homeostasis

6
Q

a positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior

A

incentive

7
Q

affiliation need

A

the need to build relationships and to feel part of a group

8
Q

deliberate social exclusion of individuals or groups is

A

Ostracism

9
Q

the desire for significant accomplishment; for mastery of skills or ideas; for control and for attaining a high standard is

A

Achievement motivation

10
Q

in the physiology of hunger, the basal metabolic rate is?

A

the body’s resisting rate of energy expenditure

11
Q

appetite hormones related to hunger

A
  • Leptin

- Orexin

12
Q

**body cues and environmental factors influence

what?**

A

taste preferences

13
Q

5 situational influences you may have noticed but underestimated

A
  • arousing appetite (eating in living room while watching TV rather than kitchen)
  • Friends and food (typically eat more when with friends)
  • Serving size is significant (putting one thing on your plate at a time)
  • Selections stimulate (what your options are)
  • nudging nutrition (dieting and sticking to it)
14
Q

2 things obesity has been associated with

A
  • Lower psychological well-being, especially among women

- Increased depression

15
Q

mostly determine why one person today is heavier than another

A

genes

16
Q

mostly determines why people today are heavier than their counterparts of 50 years ago

A

environment

17
Q

emotions are a mix of what?

A

bodily arousal, conscious experience

18
Q

spillover effect

A
  • spillover arousal from one event to the next

- influence a response

19
Q

Carroll Izzard isolated 10 basic emotions that include physiology and expressive behavior name the 10 expressive behaviors

A

joy, interest-excitement, surprise, sadness, anger, disgust, contempt, fear, shame, and guilt

20
Q

facial feedback effect

A

the tendency of the facial muscle states to trigger corresponding feelings such as fear, anger, or happiness

21
Q

Leptin

A
  • a protein hormone secreted by fat cells

- when abundant, causes the brain to increase metabolism and decrease hunger

22
Q

Orexin

A

-hunger triggering hormone secreted by the hypothalamus