Chapter 1 Psychology, Science And Research Flashcards Preview

Research Methods And Statistics In Psychology > Chapter 1 Psychology, Science And Research > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chapter 1 Psychology, Science And Research Deck (27)
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1
Q

Findings

A

Outcomes of a study (eg means, results of statistical tests) before any interpretation is made of them in terms of background theory or expectation

2
Q

Conclusions

A

A summary of what findings might mean in terms of overall theory and/or proposed relationships between variables

3
Q

Hypothesis Testing

A

Research that analyses data for a predicted effect

4
Q

Scientific method

A

General method of investigation using induction and deduction

5
Q

Empirical method

A

Scientific method of gathering information and summarising it in the hope of identifying general patterns

6
Q

Hypothetico-deductive method

A

Method of recording observations, developing explanatory theories and testing predictions from those theories

7
Q

Data

A

Relatively uninterpreted information; gathered facts

8
Q

Induction

A

Process of moving from particular instances to a generalised pattern

9
Q

Theory

A

Researcher’s beliefs about how the world works, about how or why a particular phenomenon occurs

10
Q

Hypothesis

A

Precise statement of assumed relationship between variables

11
Q

Research question

A

The question a researcher is trying to answer in an investigation

12
Q

Research prediction

A

Prediction in precise terms about how variables should be related in the analysis of data if a hypothesis is to be supported

13
Q

Deduction

A

Logical argument using rules to derive a conclusion from premises

14
Q

Effect

A

A difference or correlation between samples leading to an assumed relationship between variables in the population

15
Q

Replication

A

Repeating a completed study

16
Q

Raw data

A

Unprocessed data as gathered in a study eg individual scores

17
Q

Peer review

A

Critical review by academics, who are experts in the field, of an article submitted for publication

18
Q

Falsifiability

A

Principle that theories must be defined in a way that makes it possible to show how they could be wrong

19
Q

Pilot study/trials; piloting

A

Preliminary study or trials often carried out to predict snags and assess features of a main study to follow

20
Q

Variable

A

Quantity that can change; usually used to refer to a measure of a phenomenon

21
Q

Population

A

Whole group or category of people from among whom samples are selected

22
Q

Field experiment/study

A

Research study where data are gathered from participants outside the research centre

23
Q

Participant

A

Person who takes part in a psychological investigation as a member of a sample or individual case

24
Q

Design

A

Structure and strategy of a piece of research

25
Q

Analysis

A

Investigation of data for patterns or evidence of an effect

26
Q

Quantitative data

A

Data in numerical form, the results of measurement or counting

27
Q

Qualitative data

A

Data left in their original forms of meaning (eg speech, text) and not quantified