Chapter 1 Practice Test Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 1 Practice Test Deck (25)
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1
Q

How can the overlap of chemistry with biology be explained?

A

Biological molecules follow the same rules as other molecules, and therefore their study falls into the domains of both biology and chemistry.

2
Q

Which of the following steps is not a part of the scientific method?

A

Formulate a theory based on a single observation

3
Q

What is the term in the scientific method that summarizes the results of repeated observations regarding a given phenomenon without providing an explanation?

A

law

4
Q

Suppose you do some simple experiments in Denver about cooking eggs. After several experiments you write the following statement: It takes longer to cook eggs because chickens at high altitudes lay eggs with thicker shells. This statement is an example of which of the following?

A

a hypothesis

5
Q

Which of the following is not a postulate of Dalton’s atomic theory of matter?

A

Atoms can be reduced to protons, electrons and neutrons.

6
Q

Which of the following describes the characteristics of matter in the gas phase?

A

The volume and the shape are not fixed.

7
Q

What distinguishes a mixture from a pure substance?

A

A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that are physically separable, and a pure substance is not physically separable.

8
Q

Calcium carbonate is a compound that can decompose into carbon dioxide and calcium oxide. Carbon dioxide, in turn, is made up of the elements carbon and oxygen. What needs to happen to a compound in order for it to be broken down into either elements or simpler compounds?

A

The compound needs to undergo a chemical reaction

9
Q

Carbon dioxide bubbles can be found in many drinks, including sodas, some mineral waters, and beer. Which two phases of matter are present in drinks that contain carbon dioxide?

A

gas and liquid

10
Q

Which of the following is not a mixture?

A

oxygen gas

11
Q

The melting point of the metal gallium is 30°C. Normal body temperature is about 37°C. When a person holds a piece of gallium, it tends to melt. This is an example of what type of change?

A

a physical change

12
Q

The odor of a solution is an example of what type of measurement?

A

qualitative

13
Q

There are seven base SI units that were established as the international norm for all scientific endeavors. Since then, many derived units have been established. These are units that are combinations of the seven basic units. Which of the following choices is not a base SI unit?

A

liter

14
Q

One kilogram is equal to about 2.20 pounds. Both kilograms and pounds are units of mass. What is the equivalent weight in pounds of a 37.5 kilogram object?

A

82.5 lb

15
Q

Which of the following terms would represent one-thousandth of a liter?

A

milliliter

16
Q

Which of the following units is used to measure a different quantity than the other units?

A

second

17
Q

After being cited for speeding, you take your car to the shop to have the speedometer tested. They discover that all speeds are reported 10% lower than the true speed. What is this an example of?

A

systematic error

18
Q

What is the difference between an experimental reading of 2 seconds and another reading (of the same event) of 2.0 seconds?

A

The second reading (2.0 s) is more precise.

19
Q

Suppose you are measuring heights of students. You have been using a measuring tape whose smallest unit is centimeters. Which of the following options would give you the greatest improvement in the precision of your readings?

A

Use a measurement tape that has units

20
Q

Which of the following statements about significant figures is not correct?

A

0.2010 has three significant figures.

21
Q

Which of the following addition or subtraction problems is not correct with respect to significant figures?

A

4.777 + 2.91 = 7.687

22
Q

Which of the following numbers is not correctly rounded to five significant figures?

A

238.874 → 238.88

23
Q

Suppose a cable factory creates a spool of wire that is 1.5 miles long. Which of the following conversion factors should 1.5 miles be multiplied by to convert the measurement to inches?

A

(1,760 yd/1 mile) × (3 ft/1 yd) × (12 in./1 ft)

24
Q

Suppose you run a total of 4.35 miles in 58.75 minutes. If you want to determine your average running speed in units of km / hr, how many significant digits will your final answer have? The following conversion equivalents are given to you in order to do the conversions: 1 mile = 5,280 ft, 1 ft = 12 in., 1 in. = 2.54 cm, 100 cm = 1 m, 60 minutes = 1 hour.

A

3

25
Q

A baseball is thrown at 42.5 m / s (that’s meters per second). What is the speed of the baseball in miles / hour? (1 mi = 5280 ft, 1 in = 2.54 cm)

A

95.1 mi / hr

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