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Antropology > Chapter 1 and 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 and 2 Flashcards

1
Q

the study of the diversity of human bodies in the past and present including physical adaption group or race chartersitics and human evolution

A

physical anthropology

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2
Q

physical objects created by humans

A

artifacts

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3
Q

the study of the physical and behavioral characteristics of the category of species called primates

A

primatology

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4
Q

in archaeology, the large and non-portable objects or structures created and left by humans

A

features

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5
Q

The environmental remains from past human social contexts

A

ecofacts

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6
Q

the study of the diversity of human behavior in the past based on the traces left behind by past humans or societies

A

archaeology

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7
Q

the study of contemporary trash to examine how humans make, consume, and discard material objects in the present

A

garbalogy

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8
Q

the study of the diversity of human language in the past and present and its relationship to social groups, practices and values

A

linguistic anthropology

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9
Q

the study of the diversity of human behavior in the present

A

Cultural anthropology

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10
Q

A combo of globalization and local that suggest the unique local and situated forma and effects of widespread and even global processes

A

Glocalization

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11
Q

The unique angle or point of view of antropology, consisting of cross cultural or comparative study, holism and cultural relativisum

A

anthropological perspective

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12
Q

a writtenaccount or description of a particular culture

A

ethnography

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13
Q

the part of anthological perspective that involves consideration of every part of a culture in relation to every other part and to the whole

A

Holism

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14
Q

The reaction to the fact of cultural diversity in which one attempts to understand and judge the behavior of another culture in terms of its standerds of good, normal., legal rather than its own

A

Cultural Relativism

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15
Q

the surprise, confusion, and pain we feel when we encounter a way of life that is very foreign to our own

A

culture shock

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16
Q

the attitude or belief that ones own culture is the best

A

ethnocentrism

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17
Q

the skills necessary in the workplace and in life to recognize and value diversity

A

Cultural competence

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18
Q

the process by which individuals, ordinary children, acquire ideas concepts and skills actively by observing the behavior others

A

Guided reinvention of culture

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19
Q

the process by which a person learns or acquires his or her culture usually as a child also known as socialization

A

enculturation

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20
Q

from an anthropological point of view, a synonym for enculturation

A

socialization

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21
Q

a group of humans who live in relative proximity to each other and tend to marry each other

A

society

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22
Q

a group or subset within a society that is distinguished by some unique aspects of its behavior

A

subculture

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23
Q

a group or subset within a society that more or less intentionally adopts behaviors, beliefs or practices that are different than mainstream society

A

counterculture

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24
Q

an object, gesture, sound or image that stands for something else

A

symbol

25
Q

the method and now theory that a cultural trait can be investigated for the contribution it makes to the survival of individual humans and culture as a whole

A

functionalism

26
Q

the multural interaction between physical/biological and behavorial/cultural factoes

A

biocultural

27
Q

the term for the classification of mammals that share a collection of physical characteristics humans apes etc

A

primate

28
Q

the category with the classification Primate that includes the least derived or most primitive species

A

prosimian

29
Q

the tendency to have an upright posture based on a spine that is vertical rather than parallel to the ground

A

erectness

30
Q

the ability and tendency to walk on to feet

A

bipedalism

31
Q

the social relationship in which certain individuals have higher prestige or power in the group

A

dominance

32
Q

the earliest known stone tool technology

A

oldowan

33
Q

an extinct human species that lived from approximately 1.8 million years ago until a few hundred thousand years ago or perhaps even more recently

A

homo erectus

34
Q

a genus of the category Hominid, closest related to and earlier than genus Homo

A

Australopithecus

35
Q

the stone tool technology associated with Homo erectus, which involves a more complex flaking of bifacial implements

A

acheulian

36
Q

the species name for modern humans

A

Homo Sapiens

37
Q

an extinct human species that lived from over two million years ago until less than two million years ago they are known as the fist stone tool makers

A

Homo habilis

38
Q

the genus that contains the modern human species as well as several other extinct human species

A

Homo

39
Q

the category of primates that included only modern humans and extinct human like species that fall within the genera of Homo and Australopithecus

A

Hominid

40
Q

the species or subspecies of Homo that first appeared around 13,000 years ago and is associated with cold Europe

A

Neanderthal

41
Q

the stone tool technology associated with Neanderthals

A

mousterian

42
Q

The anthropological field method in which we travel to the society we want to study and we spend a shit ton of time becoming part of the culture

A

participant observation

43
Q

the field of anthropolical method of traveling to the society, living there to collect first hand data

A

Fieldwork

44
Q

fieldwork method of asking a prepared set of questions

A

structured interview

45
Q

fieldwork method of having a free flowing conversation instead of asking set questions

A

unstructured interview

46
Q

kinship or blood and marriage information about a society

A

genealogy

47
Q

What are the four fields of anthropology?

A

physical or biological
archaeology
linguistic anthropology
Cultural anthropology

48
Q

seeing cultures in relation to each other

A

comparative

49
Q

Seeing the whole culture

A

holism

50
Q

judging another culture by its own standards

A

cultural relativism

51
Q

What are the six cavents of cultural relativism from text

A 
not anything goes
not anything is moral
not anything is true
not that anything is true
not that there are no universals
not that everything is relative
not that cultures cannot be compared
52
Q

the seeing of culture

A

etic

53
Q

the meaning of culture

A

emic

54
Q

whats the difference between etic and emic

A

etic is seeing culture

emic is the meaning of culture

55
Q

What are the four areas of functionality

A

economics
politics
kinship
religion

56
Q

which type of mapping is structure of living space

A

intentional

57
Q

which type of living space is “campus mall”

A

positional

58
Q

which type of map tracks where you walk

A

longitudinal

Antropology (5 decks)

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