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Flashcards in Chapter 1 Deck (36)
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1
Q
The atomic number of boron is 5. The correct electronic configuration of boron is:
A) 1s22s3
B) 1s22p3
C) 1s22s22p1
D) 2s22p3
E) 1s22s23s1
A

C) 1s22s22p1

2
Q
How many distinct p orbitals exist in the second electron shell, where n = 2?
A) 2
B) 3
C) 4
D) 5
E) 6
A

B) 3

3
Q
The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ tells us that each orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons.
A) aufbau principle
B) Pauli exclusion principle
C) Hund's rule principle
D) LeChatelier principle
E) uncertainty principle
A

B) Pauli exclusion principle

4
Q

A node is a region of high electron density between the two atoms in a covalent bond.
true or false?

A

Answer: FALSE

5
Q

When filling two or more orbitals of the same energy with electrons, the electrons will go into different orbitals rather than pair up in the same orbital.
true or false?

A

Answer: TRUE

6
Q

Atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are called ________.

A

Answer: isotopes

7
Q

The electron density of ________ orbitals has spherical symmetry.

A

s

8
Q

An oxygen atom has ________ valence electrons.

A

6

9
Q
Orbitals which are equal in energy are referred to as \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A) degenerate
B) polar
C) nodes
D) filled
E) nonpolar
A

A) degenerate

10
Q

In a carbon atom, the 2s and 2p orbitals are equal in energy.
true or false?

A

Answer: FALSE

11
Q
A carbon-hydrogen bond in ethane (CH3CH3) is best described a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A) highly polar
B) essentially nonpolar
C) ionic
D) a multiple bond
E) resonance stabilized
A

B) essentially nonpolar

12
Q
The electronegativity of elements on the periodic table increases going \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ a column and to the \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ in each row.
A) up, right 
B) up, left
C) down, right
D) down, left
A

A) up, right

13
Q
Which of the following molecules contains a polar covalent bond?
A) H2
B) F2
C) CH3Cl
D) NaCl
E) He
A

C) CH3Cl

14
Q
The compound methylamine, CH3NH2, contains a C-N bond. In this bond, which of the following best describes the charge on the carbon atom?
A) +1
B) slightly positive
C) uncharged
D) slightly negative
E) -1
A

B) slightly positive

15
Q
The formal charge on oxygen in dimethyl ether, CH3OCH3, is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A) +2
B) +1
C) 0
D) -1
E) -2
A

C) 0

16
Q

For most compounds in which a nitrogen atom bears no formal charge, the valence of this nitrogen atom is ________.

A

Answer: 3

17
Q
In the compound sodium methoxide (NaOCH3), there is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ bonding.
A) ionic
B) polar covalent
C) nonpolar covalent
D) a mixture of ionic and covalent
E) resonance stabilized
A

D) a mixture of ionic and covalent

18
Q
Which of the following compounds are covalent compounds?
A) KCl
B) CF4
C) NH3
D) both A and B
E) both B and C
A

E) both B and C

19
Q

When a negatively charged species is most appropriately depicted as a hybrid of several resonance forms, the negative charge present is considered to be rapidly moving between the resonance forms bearing the formal negative charge.
true or false?

A

Answer: FALSE

20
Q

When a molecule can best be represented as a series of resonance forms, each of these forms always contributes to the same degree in the hybrid.
true or false?

A

Answer: FALSE

21
Q
A sample of compound X is subjected to elemental analysis and the following percentages by weight are found: 39.97% C, 6.73% H, and 53.30% O. The molecular weight of X is 90. What is the empirical formula of X?
A) C6HO8
B) C2H4O2
C) C4H10O2
D) C3H6O3
E) CH2O
A

E) CH2O

22
Q
Calculate the molecular formula for the organic compound whose quantitative elemental analysis showed 48.6% caron and 8.1% hydrogen by weight.
A) CH2O
B) C2H4O2
C) C2H6
D) C3H6O
E) C3H6O2
A

E) C3H6O2

23
Q
The pH of a 150 mL aqueous solution of 2.13 x 10-3 M HCl is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A) -3.000
B) 3.000
C) 2.672
D) 2.130
E) none of the above
A

C) 2.672

24
Q

What is the pKa and general acid strength of formic acid if its conjugate base form has a pKb of 10.23?
A) 3.77 - fairly strong weak acid
B) 5.99 - moderately strong weak acid
C) 14.00 - not an acid but rather a strong base
D) 3.23 - fairly strong weak acid
E) cannot be determined from the information given

A

A) 3.77 - fairly strong weak acid

25
Q
The conjugate acid of ammonia, NH3, is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A) NH2-
B) NH2OH
C) NH4+
D) none of the above
A

C) NH4+

26
Q
The Ka of formic acid is 1.7 x 10-4. The pKa of formic acid is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A) 1.70
B) 4.00
C) -2.36
D) 3.77
E) 10.38
A

D) 3.77

27
Q
When methanol (CH3OH) acts as a base, its conjugate acid is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
A) -CH2OH
B) CH3O-
C) CH4OH
D) CH3OH2+
E) CH4O+
A

D) CH3OH2+

28
Q
Which of the following pairs of bases lists the stronger base first?
A) I-  >  Cl-
B) H2O  >  HO-
C) HO-  >  H2N-
D) CH3COO-  >  HO-
E) H2N-  >  CH3COO-
A

E) H2N- > CH3COO-

29
Q
According to the following pKa values listed for a set of acids, which would lead to the strongest conjugate base?
A) -2
B) 1
C) 7
D) 25
E) 50
A

E) 50

30
Q

Rank the following compounds in order of increasing acidity: CH3OH, HCl, NH3, and CH4.

A

Answer: CH4

31
Q

Rank the following compounds in order of increasing basicity: CH3O-, H2N-, H2O, and NH3.

A

Answer: H2O

32
Q
Which of the following acids has the most stable conjugate base?
A) CH3CO2H
B) CH3CHO
C) CH3CH2OH
D) CH3CH2SH
E) CH3SO3H
A

E) CH3SO3H

33
Q
The hydroxide ion (HO-) cannot function well as which of the following?
A) a Bronsted-Lowry base
B) a Lewis base
C) a nucleophile
D) an electron-pair acceptor
E) a proton acceptor
A

D) an electron-pair acceptor

34
Q
Which of the following terms comes closest to describing an electrophile?
A) anion
B) Lewis base
C) Lewis acid
D) nucleophile
E) nonpolar
A

C) Lewis acid

35
Q
According to the Lewis definition, which of the following may act as acids?
A) NH3
B) HCl
C) AlCl3
D) A & B
E) A, B, & C
A

E) A, B, & C

36
Q

Consider the species CH3O-, NH2-, and CH3COO-. Rank these ions in order of increasing basicity.

A

Answer: CH3COO-