Ch. 9 -- Roots Of Complexity Flashcards Preview

Intro To Archaeology > Ch. 9 -- Roots Of Complexity > Flashcards

Flashcards in Ch. 9 -- Roots Of Complexity Deck (15)
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1
Q

Affluent foragers

A

People who live in areas where the wild food resource base is so rich and abundant that complexity may develop without the development of food production

2
Q

Chavin

A

A distinctive art style that developed in western South America beginning about 3000 years ago

3
Q

Chiefdom

A

A level of socio-political integration more complex than the tribe but less so that the state

Ranked social system, hierarchy of power & prestige, less rigidly structured than state societies

4
Q

Halafian

A

Culture in Mesopotamia dating from 7500 to 6700 BP

Generally small farming villages

5
Q

Hassunan

A

Culture in Mesopotamia dating from 8000 to 7200 BP

Small farming villages where subsistence was based on the growing of wheat, barley, peas, and lentils. Supplemented by hunting.

6
Q

Lintel

A

Horizontal cross-members of the Stonehenge monument

7
Q

Megalithic

A

Related to the construction of large stone monuments

8
Q

Mesopotamia

A

The land between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers in modern Iraq

First cities & complex civilization

9
Q

Olmec

A

Ancient culture of lowland Mesoamerica

3200 years ago – Produced great earthworks, finely carved jade sculptures, & massive basalt carvings of human heads

Religious iconography seems to have served as a unifying element in ancient Mesoamerica

10
Q

Poverty Point culture

A

Marked by extensive earthworks

Louisiana – 3600 years ago

Ceremonial center for a geographically widespread culture located across the American South

Shared common h/g subsistence focus, pottery styles, & religious iconography

11
Q

Regal-Ritual Centers

A

Term used to describe Maya population centers

Home of Maya nobility & served as the central location for Maya religion & ritual

12
Q

Samarran

A

Neolithic culture of southern Mesopotamia

7500 years ago

Located on flood plains of Tigris & Euphrates Rivers

Evidence of communal works - irrigation canals, fortification walls, & communal grain storage structures

13
Q

Sarsen

A

The thirty upright stones at Stonehenge

14
Q

Tholoi

A

A new architectural form seen at Halafian sites in Mesopotamia dating to after 7500 years ago

Communal storage facilities or burial chambers

15
Q

Trilithon

A

Set of three stones, two uprights and one lintel, at Stonehenge