CH. 7 - Voice and Its Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

You are evaluating a girl who has been referred to you bc of difficulties associated with partial submucous cleft palate accompanied by a bifid uvula. During your evaluation, you can probably expect to find..

A

hypernasality, accompanied by decreased intraoral breath pressure, leading to difficulties with adequate production of fricatives, affricates, and plosives.

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2
Q

The suprahyoid muscles are the..

A

digastrics, geniohyoids, mylohyoids, stylohyoids, genioglossus, and hyoglossus.

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3
Q

Specialists can measure _______, or the total volume of air in the lungs.

A

total lung capacity

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4
Q

Other measurements include _______, or the amount of air inhaled and exhaled during a normal breathing cycle.

A

tidal volume

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5
Q

This is the measurement of the volume of air that the patient can exhale after a maximal exhalation.

A

vital capacity

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6
Q

which is this method of esophageal speech called? – patient impounds the air in the oral cavity, pushes it back into the esophagus, and vibrates the cricopharyngeus muscle.

A

the “injection” method

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7
Q

A singer who has had damage to her RLN would benefit from….

A

strategies to improve vocal fold adduction

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8
Q

During and OME on a 67-yr-old man who complains his voice has gotten “weaker” the past 5-6 months, you find he has fasciculations of the tongue and some general facial weakness..what do you do

A

refer him to a neurologist for an evaluation

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9
Q

8 yr old boy is hoarse (for past 8 months), yells a lot and has nodules now. first thing you do is..

A

focus on identification and reduction of vocally abusive behavior, such as yelling and screaming, using computer games to help motivate him to use better vocal habits. (*putting a child on complete vocal rest is unrealistic)

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10
Q

The Blom-Singer device is used to…

A

shunt air from the trachea to the esophagus so that the patient can speak on that air

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11
Q

Patients who might be treated with CO2 laser surgery, recurrent laryngeal nerve resection, Botox, voice therapy, or a combination would probably have..

a. contact ulcers
b. PVFM
c. hemangioma
d. spasmodic dysphonia

A

d. spasmodic dysphonia

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12
Q

25-yr old male to female client wants to speak more feminine –she is emotional re her gender reassignment. YOU should..

A

advise her that a combo of counseling, surgery, and voice therapy to teach more feminine pitch levels and communication patterns would best serve her needs.

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13
Q

The cover-body theory of phonation states..

A

the epithelium, the superficial layer of the lamina propria, and much of the intermediate layer of the lamina propria vibrate as a “cover” on a relatively stationary “body” which is made up of the remainder of the intermediate layer, the deep layer, and the TA muscle

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14
Q

“double voice” is __________

A

diplophonia

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15
Q

________ is a procedure that uses a pulsing light to permit the optical illusion of slow-motion viewing of the vocal folds.

A

stroboscopy

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16
Q

jitter =

A

frequency perturbation

17
Q

shimmer =

A

amplitude/intensity perturbation

18
Q

A normal speaker with no vocal pathology, jitter should be less than __% as the speaker sustains a vowel.

A

1%

19
Q

More than ___ of variation across cycles when shimmer is measured causes a patient to sound dysphonic

A

1dB

20
Q

to obtain quantitative measures of voice, one must use __________.

A

a sound spectrograph. good for before and after regarding surgeries and their affects on vocal quality.

21
Q

________________ can make the voice sound rough and gravelly to the listener.

A

Reduced muscosal wave action