Ch 7 - Lymph & Immune Vocab Flashcards Preview

OTA 102 - Ch 7 Lymph & Immune System > Ch 7 - Lymph & Immune Vocab > Flashcards

Flashcards in Ch 7 - Lymph & Immune Vocab Deck (19)
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1
Q

lymph nodes

A

glands in the lymphatic system rich in specialized white blood cells (phagocytes) that clean lymph

2
Q

phagocytes

A

white blood cells in the lymph nodes that clean debris from the blood through phagocytosis.

3
Q

phagocytosis

A

process in which white blood cells (phagocytes) remove microorganisms, cell debris, and blood cells that are damaged, old or abnormal by engulfing them and gobbling them up

4
Q

lymphatic system

A

Lymph nodes and phagocytes working to clean lymph and fight infection or inflammation

5
Q

Lymph

A

clear, colorless, alkaline fluid made up mostly of water, some protein, salts, fats white blood cells and urea

6
Q

urea

A

waste product of protein metabolism

7
Q

lymphatic vessels

A

located throughout the body alongside arteries, veins and capillaries

8
Q

superior vena cava

A

where lymphatic vessels connect and where lymph enters the circulatory system and is combined with blood

9
Q

locations of highest number of lymph nodes

A

neck, axillae (armpits), groin and abdomen

10
Q

lymph nodes of the throat

A

tonsils and adenoids

11
Q

inflamed gland

A

lymphadenitis or lymphadenopathy

12
Q

metastasized

A

when cancer has spread to another part of the body (axillary glands are often removed from breast cancer patients to prevent this)

13
Q

thymus gland

A

part of lymphatic system; located in the mediastinum above the heart; 2 fused lobes and divided into outer part (cortex) and inner part (medulla). The cortex contains immature T lymphocytes, or “killer T cells” (type of white blood cell); Thymus is active during prenatal period and early years of life, grows until puberty, then gradually shrinks as you age.

14
Q

T lymphocytes

A

also called “killer T cells”; come from thymus gland; seek out and destroy cells that are infected or become cancerous. Mature in thymus and then circulate to other immune system structures including spleen and lymph nodes.

15
Q

Spleen

A

dark red, oval-shaped organ located in left upper quadrant of abdomen, just under ribs. Surrounded by outer capsule of connective tissue and divided into compartments; During prenatal development, spleen forms red blood cells and white blood cells, then after birth it produces RBCs only in cases of severe need, and continues producing WBCs and antibodies. Also stores blood and platelets.

16
Q

Allergy Tests

A

1) Patch test: paper or gauze saturated with allergen is applied to skin beneath occlusive dressing and response is noted.
2) Scratch test: Test in which an allergen is placed on a scratched area of skin and response is noted.

17
Q

Tests to Diagnose and Monitor HIV and AIDS

A

1) CD-4 Lymphocyte Count: measurement of # of specialized WBCs (helpter T cells) used to identify whether HIV is worsening.
2) Enzyme Immunosorbent Assay (EIA): rapid enzyme immunochemical method for identifying antigens, antibodies, or other substances in blood; primary diagnostic test for many infectious diseases
3) Viral Load: measurement of # of copies of HIV in the blood; monitors progression of HIV and AIDS

18
Q

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR, sed rate) test

A

used in diagnosis and monitoring of many diseases that cause acute or chronic inflammation; measures rate RBCs settle in plasma or saline over period of time

19
Q

Monospot (heterophil) test

A

quick test used to screen for presence of heterophil antibody that is present in people with Epstein-Barr virus infection