Ch. 5: Vocab + Grammar Flashcards

1
Q

אֵשׁ

A

fire; feminine

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2
Q

הֵיכָל

A

temple, palace

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3
Q

וְ

A

and, but, also, even, then

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4
Q

זָהָב

A

gold

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5
Q

חֶ֫רֶב

A

sword; feminine

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6
Q

חַי (adj)

חַיִּים (noun)

A

(adj) living, alive; (noun) life, lifetime

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7
Q

יֶ֫לֶד

A

child, boy, youth

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8
Q

יָם

A

sea

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9
Q

כֶּ֫סֶף

A

silver, money

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10
Q

כֹּה

A

thus, here

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11
Q

מָקוֹם

A

place, location

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12
Q

מִשְׁפָּט

A

judgment, decision, ordinance, law, custom, manner

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13
Q

מִזְבֵּחַ

A

altar

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14
Q

נְאֻם

A

utterance, announcement, revelation

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15
Q

עוֹלָם

A

forever, everlasting, ancient

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16
Q

עָנָן

A

clouds, cloud mass

17
Q

רוּחַ

A

spirit, wind, breath; usually feminine

18
Q

שַׂר

A

chief official, ruler, prince

19
Q

שַׁ֫עַר

A

gate

20
Q

שָׁמַ֫יִם

A

heaven, sky

21
Q

What are the three (3) marks of the definite article?

A
  1. The ה
  2. The pathach
  3. The daghesh forte
22
Q

What is Compensatory Lengthening?

A

Compensatory Lengthening: the lengthening of a vowel to compensate for the rejection of the daghesh forte.

With initial א ,ע ,ר, the rejection of the daghesh forte results in the lengthening of the pathach to a qamets.

23
Q

What is Virtual Doubling?

A

Virtual Doubling: With initial ה or ח, the daghesh forte is rejected but the pathach vowel does NOT lengthen.

24
Q

What happens with an article and an initial Begadkephat consonant?

A

With the addition of the article, the Daghesh Lene is replaced with a Daghesh Forte.

25
Q

What is the Irregular Seghol Vowel and when does it occur?

A

When nouns begin with an unaccented עָ הָ חָ (the חָ may also be accented), the definite article takes a seghol, without a Daghesh Forte.

Example: חָכָם (wise man) becomes הֶחָכָם (the wise man).

26
Q

When will the conjunction וְ appear as וְ?

A

Before most consonants. Occurs this way about 50% of the time.

27
Q

When will the conjunction וְ appear as Shureq (וּ)?

A

In two circumstances:

(1) When before ב ,מ ,פ (bump rule). Initial Begadkephat lose daghesh lene/forte.
(2) Before most consonants have a Vocal Shewa.

28
Q

What happens to the conjunction וְ when before a reduced or Hateph vowel, and what is the exception to this rule?

A

It is spelled with corresponding short vowel of Hateph vowel. For example: חֲלוֹם (dream) becomes וַחֲלוֹם.

Exception: When אֱלֹהִים (God) occurs with וְ, it is spelled וֵאלֹהִים (and God).

29
Q

When may וְ be spelled with a qamets (וָ)?

A

Before monosyllabic words and certain words with an initial accent.

30
Q

What are the four (4) basic spelling possibilities for the conjunction וְ?

A
  1. Before most consonants, conjunction will appear as וְ.
  2. Before ב ,מ ,פ (“bump” rule) and syllables beginning with Vocal Shewa, conjunction will appear as וּ (Shureq).
  3. Before Hateph vowel, conjunction is spelled with corresponding short vowel of the Hateph vowel.
  4. Before monosyllabic words and certain words with initial accent, conjuction is spelled with qamets (וָ).