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Flashcards in Ch. 5 and 5s Deck (34)
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1
Q

What is the difference between value analysis and value engineering?

A

Value analysis goal is to reduce costs while value engineering is to have good performance at low costs while still meeting customer expectations.

2
Q

What product definition documentation shows dimensions, tolerances, materials, and finishes of a component?

A

Engineering drawing

3
Q

What product definition documentation typically shows the hierarchy of components, their description, and the quantity of each required to make one unit of a product?

A

Bill of materials

4
Q

What product definition documentation shows in schematic form how a product is assembled?

A

Assembly chart

5
Q

What document lists the operations necessary to produce the component with the material specified in the bill of material?

A

Engineering drawing – A drawing that shows the dimensions, tolerances, materials and finishes of a component (shows how to make one item on the bill of material)

6
Q

A restaurant kitchen contains a wall poster that shows, for each sandwich on the menu, a sketch of the ingredients and how they are arranged to make the sandwich. What is this type of poster called?

A

Assembly drawing

7
Q

What is the service design techniques used to increase service efficiency?

A

Process-chain network analysis and process chain

8
Q

What type of analysis focuses on the ways in which processes can be designed to optimize interaction between firms and their customers?

A

Process-chain network analysis

9
Q

A sequence of steps that accomplishes an identifiable purpose such as building a home, completing a tax return or repairing a television. The network is the set of entities that are involved in a particular process chain, making decisions about parts of the process.

A

Process Chain

10
Q

According to PCN analysis, which process region includes process steps in which one participant is acting on another participant’s resources, such as their information, materials, or technologies?

A

Surrogate (substitute) interaction

11
Q

In a PCN analysis, what is a sequence of steps that accomplishes an identifiable purpose of providing value to process participants called?

A

Process chain

12
Q

What are the three process regions from PCN analysis?

A

Direct interaction, surrogate (substitute) interaction, and independent processing.

13
Q

What are direct interaction, surrogate interaction, and independent processing?

A

Process regions

14
Q

Focuses on ways in which processes can be designed to optimize interaction between firms and their customers

A

process-chain-network (PCN) analysis

15
Q

How do you improve service efficiency and productivity?

A

Limit the options, delay customization, modularization, automation, and moment of truth.

16
Q

How is the expected value of each course of action in a decision tree determined?

A

The expected monetary value of a decision alternative is the sum of all possible payoffs from the alternative, each weighted by the probability of that payoff occurring

17
Q

How can decision trees assist in product decisions?

A

Summarizes decision alternatives and their possible consequences, including chance event outcomes, resource costs, and utility,

18
Q

What is the potential role of decision trees in product design?

A

Decision trees can help determine the product design that should produce best expected value for each state of nature

19
Q

In analyzing product design decisions, what do decision trees determine for each course of action?

A

Decision trees find the option with the best expected value, includes all possible alternatives including doing nothing.

20
Q

CSR is form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model. In operations, it means managers should consider how products and services affect people and the environment.

A

corporate social responsibility

21
Q

means meeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs. Sustainability means understanding a business as part of a human community first and a means for making profits second.

A

Sustainability

22
Q

What are the 3Rs for sustainability?

A

Reduce, reuse, and recycle

23
Q

What is design for disassembly?

A

Cost-benefit analysis

24
Q

What three impacts does corporate social responsibility have in decision-making?

A

Environmental, societal, and financial

25
Q

What are the three types or categories of sustainability?

A

Systems views, commons, and triple bottom line

26
Q

Management of the flow of goods between the point of origin and the point of consumption in order to meet requirements of customers.

A

Logistics

27
Q

What term refers to analysis of environmental impacts of products from the design stage through the product end-of-life?

A

Life cycle assessment

28
Q

What is Life Cycle Assessment for a product?

A

Evaluates environmental impact of a product

29
Q

What is the Life Cycle Assessment process?

A

Goal and scope definition, inventory analysis, impact assessment, and interpretation.

30
Q

What is the assessment of the environmental impact of a product or service throughout it’s useful life is known as?

A

Life cycle assessment

31
Q

In the context of environmental regulation, the “cap-and-trade” principle produces a market that allows companies to purchase and sell what?

A

Emission allowances

32
Q

What principle does the European Union Emissions Trading System works upon?

A

“Cap-and-trade” principle. Cap and trade is an environmental policy tool that delivers results with a mandatory cap on emissions while providing sources flexibility in how they comply.

33
Q

What is the formula for revenue retrieval of a product that has reached the end of its life?

A

Revenue Retrieval= total resale revenue + total recycling revenue - total processing cost - total disposal cost

34
Q

What is sometimes referred to as the fourth “R” of sustainability?

A

Reputation