Ch. 4 Anatomic Position and Terms of Reference Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Ch. 4 Anatomic Position and Terms of Reference Deck (34)
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0
Q

body planes

A

reference planes for indicating the location or direction of body planes

1
Q

anatomic or anatomical position

A

a term of reference that health professionals use when noting body planes, positions, or directions: the person is assumed to be standing upright, face forward, feet forward with arms at the side and palms faced forward.

2
Q

coronal (frontal) plane

A

vertical division of the body into front (anterior) and back (posterior) portions

3
Q

sagittal plane

A

vertical division of the body into right and left portions

4
Q

transverse plane

A

horizontal division of the body into upper and lower portions

5
Q

anterior, ventral

A

front of the body

6
Q

posterior, dorsal

A

back of the body

7
Q

anterior-posterior (AP)

A

from front to back

8
Q

posterior-anterior (PA)

A

from back to front

9
Q

superior, cephalic

A

situated above another structure, toward the head

10
Q

inferior, caudal

A

situated below another structure, away from the head

11
Q

proximal

A

toward the beginning or origin of a structure; close to center of the body

12
Q

distal

A

away from the beginning or origin of a structure; away from the center of the body

13
Q

medial

A

toward the middle or midline of the body

14
Q

lateral

A

toward the side

15
Q

axis

A

the imaginary line that runs through the center of the body or a body part

16
Q

erect

A

normal standing position

17
Q

decubitus

A

lying down, especially in bed; lateral decubitus is lying on the side (decumbo = to lie down)

18
Q

prone

A

lying face down and flat

19
Q

recumbent

A

lying down

20
Q

supine

A

horizontal recumbent; lying flat on the back (“on the spine”)

21
Q

flexion

A

bending at the joint so that the angle between the bones is decreased

22
Q

extension

A

straightening at the joint so that the angle between the bones is increased

23
Q

abduction

A

movement away from the body

24
Q

adduction

A

movement towards the body

25
Q

rotation

A

circular movement around an axis

26
Q

eversion

A

turning outward, i.e., of a foot

27
Q

inverison

A

turning inward, i.e., of a foot

28
Q

supination

A

turning of the palmar surface (palm of the hand) or plantar surface (sole of the foot) upward or forward

29
Q

pronation

A

turning of the palmar surface (palm of the hand) or plantar surface (sole of the foot) downward or backward

30
Q

dorsiflexion

A

bending of the foot or toes upward

31
Q

plantar flexion

A

bending of the sole of the foot by curling the toes toward the ground

32
Q

range of motion (ROM)

A

total motion possible in a joint, described by the terms related to body movements (i.e., ability to flex, extend, abduct, or adduct); measured in degrees

33
Q

goniometer

A

instrument used to measure joint angles (gonio = angle)

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