Ch. 3

Question 0

A structure (organelle) found in all eukaryotic cells. The _______ contains DNA and RNA, among other things.

Answer 0

nucleus

Question 1

Three dimensional molecules that serve a wide variety of functions through their ability to bind to other molecules.

Answer 1

Proteins

Question 2

Structures made up of two or more atoms. _________ can combine with other _________ to form more complex structures.

Answer 2

Molecules

Question 3

The double stranded molecule that contains the genetic code. ___ is a main component of chromosomes.

Answer 3

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid)

Question 4

A single stranded molecule similar in structure to DNA. Three forms of ___ are essential to protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA)

Answer 4

RNA (ribonucleic acid)

Question 5

The semifluid, gel-like substance contained within the cell membrane. The nucleus and numerous structures involved with cell function are found within the _________.

Answer 5

cytoplasm

Question 6

The manufacture of proteins; that is, the assembly of chains of amino acids into functional protein molecules. _______ _________ is directed by DNA.

Answer 6

Protein synthesis

Question 7

Structures contained within the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells that convert energy, derived from nutrients, to a form that can be used by the cell.

Answer 7

Mitochondria (sing., mitochondrion)

Question 8

Structures composed of a form of RNA called ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and protein. _________ are found in a cell’s cytoplasm and are essential to the manufacture of proteins.

Answer 8

Ribosomes

Question 9

DNA found in the mitochondria. _____________ ___ is inherited only from the mother.

Answer 9

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)