Ch. 29.1—Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land Flashcards Preview

Biology 113 EXAM 2 > Ch. 29.1—Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land > Flashcards

Flashcards in Ch. 29.1—Plant Diversity I: How Plants Colonized Land Deck (20)
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1
Q

Land plants evolved from _____ _____ (also called charophytes).

A

Green Algae

2
Q

Land plants share which of the following traits with only charophytes?

A) Rings of cellulose-synthesizing proteins
B) Structure of flagellated sperm. 
C) Chitin.
D) Formation of pharagmoplast. 
E) Sporopollenin.
A

A) Rings of cellulose-synthesizing proteins.
B) Structure of flagellated sperm.
D) Formation of pharagmoplast.

3
Q

Charophytes have a layer of a durable polymer called ________, which prevents exposed zygotes from drying out, and is found in plant spore walls?

A) Cell wall
B) Chitin
C) Spore
D) Sporopollenin

A

D) Sporopollenin.

4
Q

________ are plants with embryos.

A

Embryophytes.

5
Q

(5) key traits that appear in nearly all land plants but are absent in the charophytes include all of the following BUT:

A) Alternation of generations. 
B) Single generation. 
C) Multicellular, dependent embryos. 
D) Walled spores produced in sporangia. 
E) Multicellular gametangia. 
F) Apical Meristems.
A

B) Single generation.

6
Q

Plants alternate between two multicellular stages, a reproductive cycle called _____________.

A

Alternation of Generations.

7
Q

What are the (2) stages in the alternation of

generations?

A
  • Sporophyte

- Gametophyte

8
Q

The __________ is haploid and produces

haploid gametes by mitosis.

A

Gametophyte.

9
Q

Fusion of the gametes gives rise to the diploid
________, which produces haploid spores by
meiosis.

A

-sporophyte

10
Q

Nutrients are transferred from parent to embryo

through ________ _______ ______.

A

-Placental Transfer Cells.

11
Q

Spore walls contain __________, which makes

them resistant to harsh environments.

A

-Sporopollenin.

12
Q

Gametes are produced within organs called _________: Female gametangia, called _________, produce eggs and are the site of fertilization whereas male gametangia, called _________, produce and release sperm.

A
  • Gametangia.
  • Archegonia.
  • Antheridia.
13
Q

Plants sustain continual growth in their ________ and their cells differentiate into
various tissues.

A

-Apical Meristems

14
Q

_______: a waxy covering of the epidermis

A

-Cuticle.

15
Q

_______: are specialized cells that allow for gas exchange between the outside air and the plant.

A

-Stomata.

16
Q

________: symbiotic associations between fungi and land plants that may have helped plants without true roots to obtain nutrients

A

-Mycorrhizae.

17
Q

Most plants have vascular tissue—these constitute the vascular plants; Nonvascular plants are commonly called ________.

A

-Bryophytes.

18
Q

The Nonvascular Plants (Bryophytes) consist of what 3 Phyla?

A
  • Hepatophyta (Liverworts)
  • Bryophyta (Mosses)
  • Anthocerophyta (Hornworts)
19
Q

Seedless vascular plants can be divided into what (2) clades?

A
  • Lycophyta (club mosses)

- Monilaphyta (ferns)

20
Q

Seed plants form a clade and can be further divided into what (2) clades?

A
  • Gymosperms (naked seed plants—conifers).

- Angiosperms (flowering plants).