Ch. 25 Urinary system

Question 1

What do ureters do?

Answer 1

Transport urine from kidneys to urinary bladder

Question 2

The kidneys activate vitamin __

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Are kidneys a major excretory organ?

Answer 3

Yes

Question 4

The Kidneys regulate total _____ volume and total _____ concentration in water

Answer 4

water; solute

Question 5

The kidneys regulate ___ concentrations in extracellular fluid

Answer 5

ion

Question 6

How do the kidneys maintain the body’s internal environment?

Answer 6

Ensuring long-term acid-base balance, excreting metabolic wastes, toxins, and drugs…and producing EPO and renin(regulates RBC production)

Question 7

The kidneys carry out _________ if needed

Answer 7

gluconeogenesis

Question 8

What other parts are included in the urinary system besides the kidneys?

Answer 8

Ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

Question 9

The _____ transports urine out of the body

Answer 9

urethra

Question 10

The _____ transport urine from kidneys to urinary bladder

Answer 10

ureters

Question 11

The _____ ____ is the temporary storage reservoir for urine

Answer 11

urinary bladder

Question 12

____ _____ is the condition in which one or both kidneys drop to a lower position

Answer 12

renal ptosis

Question 13

What can cause renal ptosis?

Answer 13

Can be caused by a loss of surrounding fatty tissue capsule that holds kidneys in normal position (seen with emaciation or rapid weight loss)

Question 14

What are the three distinct regions of the internal kidneys?

Answer 14

Renal cortex, renal medulla, and renal pelvis

Question 15

The ____ _____, a distinct region of the internal kidney, is a granular-appearing superficial region

Answer 15

renal cortex

Question 16

The _____ ____ is deep to the cortex and is composed of cone shaped medullary (renal) pyramids

Answer 16

renal medulla

Question 17

______ are the structural and functional units that form urine

Answer 17

nephrons

Question 18

What are the structural and functional units that form urine called?

Answer 18

Nephrons

Question 19

How many nephrons are in each kidney?

Answer 19

> 1 million per kidney

Question 20

What are the two main parts of the nephrons?

Answer 20

The renal corpuscle and the renal tubule

Question 21

What are the two parts of the renal corpuscle?

Answer 21

The glomerulus and the glomerular capsule(also called bowman’s capsule)

Question 22

_______ functions to increase sodium reabsorption

Answer 22

Aldosterone

Question 23

–add image of glomerulus

Answer 23

–

Question 24

–add image of afferent arteriole

Answer 24

–

Question 25

Add image of the collecting duct

Answer 25

–

Question 26

What is the glomerulus? What is it a part of?

Answer 26

The glomerulus is a part of the renal corpuscle. It is a bunched up mess of capillaries composed of fenestrated endothelium. Allows for efficient formation

Question 27

What is filtrate?

Answer 27

plasma-derived fluid that renal tubules process to form urine

Question 28

What is Bowman’s capsule also called?

Answer 28

The glomerular capsule

Question 29

What surrounds the glomerulus?

Answer 29

The glomerular capsule

Question 30

Which layer of the glomerular capsule clings to the glomerular capillaries

Answer 30

Visceral

Question 31

How many layers is the glomerular capsule composed of?

Answer 31

Two

Question 32

What is the parietal layer of the glomerular capsule composed of?

Answer 32

Simple squamous epithelium

Question 33

What is the visceral layer of the glomerular capsule composed of? What does it do?

Answer 33

Branching epithelial podocytes..clings to the glomerular capillaries

Question 34

True or false, the glomerular capsule used to be known as the loop of Henle

Answer 34

False, it is also known as Bowman’s capsule

Question 35

Which layer of the glomerular capsule is composed of simple squamous epithelium

Answer 35

Parietal