Ch. 2: Chemistry comes alive Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Ch. 2: Chemistry comes alive Deck (19)
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1
Q

the chemicals that make up 96% of our body are

A

carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen

2
Q

Same atomic number but different atomic mass

A

isotopes

3
Q

what type of chemical bond is electron acceptor > electron donor. (metal & nonmetal)

A

ionic bond

4
Q

What type of chemical bond is sharing. Nonmetal &nonmetal. stronger than ionic bond

A

Covalent bond

5
Q

what type of chemical bond involved hydrogen atom. forms bridges. important in intramolecular bond. Helps maintain its structure.

A

Hydrogen bond

6
Q

A chemical reaction involved when atoms or molecules combine to form a larger more complex molecule. Ex: amino acids into protein molecules

A

synthesis ( anabolic)

7
Q

A chemical reaction involved when a molecule is broken down into smaller molecules or its constituent atoms

A

Decomposition (catabolic)

8
Q

reactions that release energy. Ex: catabolic and oxidative reactions

A

exergonic

9
Q

the products of energy- absorbing, reaction contains more potential energy (product) than did the reactants ( anabolic reactions)

A

endergonic

10
Q

what are the factors that influence the rate of chemical reaction?

A

temperature, concentration, size, catalyst (enzymes)

11
Q

high heat capacity, high heat of vaporization, universal solvent, reactivity, cushioning, are properties of

A

water

12
Q

Hydrolysis reaction is when

A

smaller molecules join together, releasing a water molecule

13
Q

Dehyrdration Synthesis is when

A

a water molecule is removed for a new bond to be formed

14
Q

true or false, the lower the pH, the more acidic the solution

A

true

15
Q

when acids and bases mixed, they form water and salt, what type of reaction is that?

A

Neutralization reactions

16
Q

what does a buffer do?

A

resist abrupt change in the pH of the body fluids, releases hydrogen ions.

17
Q

blood pH ranges from

A

7.35-7.45

18
Q

Chain-like molecules made of monomers that are joined together by dehydration synthesis

A

polymer

19
Q
Which is not a characteristic of enzymes:
it increase activation energy
its specific
they attach to the substrate
they can be denatured by high temp
they are unaffected by reaction
A

it increases activation enrgy