Ch. 14 Vocab

Question 1

Sulfur Oxides and nitrogen oxides, emitted by burning fossil fuels, enter the atmosphere - where they combine with oxygen and water to form sulfuric acid and nitric acid - and return to Earth’s surface

Answer 1

Acid Deposition

Question 2

Conversion of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides to acids that return to Earth as rain, snow, or fog

Answer 2

Acid Precipitation

Question 3

Solar energy systems that collect energy through the use of physical devices like photo-voltaic cells or flat-plate collectors

Answer 3

Active Solar Energy Systems

Question 4

Concentration of trace substances, such as carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and solid particulates, at a greater level than occurs in average air

Answer 4

Air Pollution

Question 5

Power supplied by people or animals

Answer 5

Animate Power

Question 6

Amount of oxygen required by aquatic bacteria to decompose a given load of organic waste; a measure of water pollution

Answer 6

Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)

Question 7

The number of species within a specific habitat

Answer 7

Biodiversity

Question 8

Fuel that derives from plant material and animal waste

Answer 8

Biomass Fuel

Question 9

A nuclear power plant that creates its own fuel from plutonium

Answer 9

Breeder Reactor

Question 10

A gas used as a solvent, a propellant in aerosols, a refrigerant, and in plastic foams and fire extinguishers

Answer 10

Chlorofluorocarbons

Question 11

The sustainable use and management of a natural resource through consuming it at a less rapid rate than it can be replaced

Answer 11

Conservation

Question 12

Metals, including iron , that are utilized in the production of iron and steel

Answer 12

Ferrous

Question 13

The splitting of an atomic nucleus to release energy

Answer 13

Fission

Question 14

Energy source formed from the residue of plants and animals buried millions of years ago

Answer 14

Fossil fuel

Question 15

Creation of energy by joining the nuclei of two hydrogen atoms to form helium

Answer 15

Fusion

Question 16

Energy from steam or hot water produced from hot or molten underground rocks

Answer 16

Geothermal Energy

Question 17

Anticipated increase in Earth’s temperature caused by carbon dioxide (emitted by burning fossil fuels) trapping some of the radiation emitted by the surface

Answer 17

Greenhouse Effect

Question 18

Power generated from moving water

Answer 18

Hydroelectric Power

Question 19

Power supplied by machines

Answer 19

Inanimate Power

Question 20

Metals utilized to make products other than iron and steel

Answer 20

Nonferrous

Question 21

A source of energy that is a finite supply capable of being exhausted

Answer 21

Nonrenewable Energy

Question 22

A gas that absorbs ultraviolet solar radiation, found int he stratosphere, a zone between 15 and 50 kilometers (9-30 miles) above Earth’s surface

Answer 22

Ozone

Question 23

Solar energy systems that collect energy without the use of mechanical devices

Answer 23

Passive Solar Energy Systems

Question 24

An atmospheric condition formed through a combination of weather conditions and pollution, especially from motor vehicle emissions

Answer 24

Photochemical Smog

Question 25

Solar energy cells, usually made from silicon, that collect solar rays to generate electricity

Answer 25

Photovoltaic Cells

Question 26

Addition of more waste than a resource can accommodate

Answer 26

Pollution

Question 27

The amount of a resource in deposits not yet identified but thought to exist

Answer 27

Potential Reserve

Question 28

Maintenance of a resource in its present condition with as little human impact as possible

Answer 28

Preservation

Question 29

The amount of a resource remaining in discovered deposits

Answer 29

Proven Resource

Question 30

Materials from a nuclear reaction that emit radiation; contact with such particles may be harmful or lethal to people; therefore, the Materials must be safely stored for thousands of years

Answer 30

Radioactive Waste

Question 31

The separation, collection, processing, marketing, and reuse of unwanted material

Answer 31

Recycling

Question 32

A resource that has a theoretically unlimited supply and is not depleted when used by humans

Answer 32

Renewable Energy

Question 33

A substance in the environment that is useful to people, is economically and technologically feasible to access, and is socially acceptable to use

Answer 33

Resource

Question 34

A place to deposit solid waste, where a layer of earth is bulldozed over garbage each day to reduce emissions of gases and odors from the decaying trash, to minimize fires, and to discourage vermin

Answer 34

Sanitary Landfill

Question 35

The level of development that can be maintained in a country without depleting resources tot he extent that future generations will be unable to achieve a comparable level of development

Answer 35

Sustainable Development