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Praxis - Amanda & Gail > CH. 1 - Anatomy, Neuroanatomy, and Physiology of the Speech Mechanism > Flashcards

CH. 1 - Anatomy, Neuroanatomy, and Physiology of the Speech Mechanism Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following muscles is NOT associated as muscles of “active” expiration?

a. latissimus dorsi
b. rectus abdominis
c. external intercostals
d. internal oblique abdominis

A

c. external intercostals

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2
Q

Which of the following is true?
A. 12 paired internal intercostals pull the ribs downward for exhalation
B. 11 paired internal intercostals pull the ribs downward for exhalation
C. 12 paired external intercostals pull the ribs downward for exhalation
D. 11 paired external intercostals pull the ribs downward for exhalation

A

B. 11 paired internal intercostals pull the ribs downward for exhalation

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3
Q 
At rest, how much are the lungs partially inflated of their total capacity?
A. 30%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 40%
A

D. 40%

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4
Q 
Which serves to stiffen or tense the aryepiglottic folds?
A. cuneiform cartilages
B. arytenoid cartilages
C. cricoid cartilage
D. thyroid cartilage
A

A. cuneiform cartilages

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5
Q 
Which muscle is generally referred to as the vocalis muscle?
A. internal thyroarytenoid
B. external thyroarytenoid
C. transverse arytenoid
D. lateral cricoarytenoid
A

A. internal thyroarytenoid

* vibrates and produces sound, primary portions of the thyroarytenoid muscle

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6
Q 
Most intrinsic laryngeal muscles are innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve branch of cranial nerve \_\_\_ ?
A. VII
B. XI
C. X
D. IX
A

C. X Vagus Nerve
* except the cricothyroid, which is innervated by the external branch of the superior laryngeal nerve branch of the Vagus

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7
Q 
Which of the following is not an infrahyoid muscle?
A. thyrohyoid
B. omohyoid
C. sternothyroid
D. mylohyoid
A

D. mylohyoid

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8
Q 
Respiration relies on the muscles of inspiration and expiration. The thick dome-shaped muscle that separates the abdomen from the thorax is called the
A. sternocliedomastoid
B. levator costarum longis
C. serratus posterior superior
D. pectoralis major
E. diaphragm
A

E. diaphragm

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9
Q 
Most pharyngeal muscles are innervated by cranial nerves
A. V, VII
B. XI, XII
C. X, XI
D. IX, X
E. VIII, X
A

D. IX, X

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10
Q 
The primary muscle of the lips is the
A. orbicularis oris
B. buccinator
C. risorius
D. levator labii superioris
E. zygmotaic major
A

A. orbicularis oris

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11
Q 
The neurons that transmit information away from the brain are called
A. afferent neurons
B. efferent neurons
C. primary neurons
D. secondary neurons
E. peripheral neurons
A

B. efferent neurons

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12
Q 
An important structure adjacent to the brainstem that contains the hypothalamus (which controls emotions) and the thalamus (which relays sensory impulses to various portions of the cerebral cortex) is called the
A. mesencephalon
B. diencephalon
C. inferior cerebellar peduncle
D. superior cerebellar peduncle
E. postcentral gyrus
A

B. diencephalon

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13
Q

The corpus striatum is composed of three nuclear masses, which are the
A. globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, and putamen
B. putamen, caudate nucleus, and basal ganglia
C. supramarginal gyrus, angular gyrus, and putamen
D. substantia nigra, angular gyrus, and globus pallidus
E. metencephalon, reticular activating system, and caudate nucleus

A

A. globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, and putamen

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14
Q 
The structure that regulates body posture, equilibrium, and coordinated fine motor movements is the
A. angular gyrus
B. corticospinal tract
C. circle of Willis
D. cerebellum
E. supramarginal gyrus
A

D. cerebellum

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15
Q 
The anterior cerebral artery supplies blood to the
A. corpus callosum and basal ganglia
B. corpus striatum
C. caudate nucleus and globus pallidus
D. substantia nigra
E. lateral surface of the cortex
A

A. corpus callosum and basal ganglia

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16
Q 
The laryngopharynx and the oropharynx add resonance to sounds produced by the larynx. The nasopharynx adds noticeable resonance to which sounds?
A. k, g, t, d
B. r, l, y
C. f, sh, s
D. m, n, ng
E. w, y, r
A

D. m, n, ng

17
Q 
These are composed of a ring of connective tissue and muscle extending from the tops of the arytenoid cartilages to the larynx. They separate the laryngeal vestibule from the pharynx and help preserve the airway.
A. ventricular folds
B. true vocal folds
C. lamina propria
D. infrahyoids
E. aryepiglottic folds
A

E. aryepiglottic folds

18
Q

The cranial nerve that innervates the larynx and also innervates the levator veli palatini, palatoglossus, and palatopharyngeus muscles is
A. cranial nerve X, the vagus nerve
B. cranial nerve V, the trigeminal nerve
C. cranial nerve XI, the spinal accessory nerve
D. cranial nerve VII, the facial nerve
E. cranial nerve XII, the hypoglossal nerve

A

A. cranial nerve X, the vagus nerve

19
Q

Muscles that contribute to velopharyngeal closure through tensing or elevating the velum are the
A. tensor veli palatini, levator veli palatini, and salpingopharyngeus
B. stylopharyngeus, salpingopharyngeus, and levator vali palatini
C. levator vali palatini, genioglossus, and salpingopharyngeus
D. palatoglossus, tensor veli palatini, and levator veli palatini
E. tensor veli palatini and levator veli palatini

A

D. palatoglossus, tensor veli palatini, and levator veli palatini

20
Q 
The structure at the inferior portion of the tongue that connects the tongue with the mandible is called the 
A. dorsum
B. root
C. blade
D. tip
E. lingual frenum
A

E. lingual frenum

21
Q 
When a person is producing voiced and voiceless /th/, the muscle that is most involved is the
A. palatopharyngeus
B. sternocleidomastoid
C. genioglossus
D. styloglossus
E. buccinator
A

C. genioglossus

22
Q

Which muscles from the list below are the most involved in adducting the vocal folds?
A. lateral cricoarytenoids and transverse arytenoids
B. digastrics
C. cricothyroids
D. posterior cricoarytenoids
E. sternothyroids

A

A. lateral cricoarytenoids and transverse arytenoids

23
Q 
Which of the following does the extrapyramidal system NOT do?
A. facilitating voluntary muscles
B. maintain posture
C. maintain tone
D. regulate movements
A

A. facilitating voluntary muscles

24
Q 
Which is a critical commissural fiber that connects the two hemispheres?
A. meninges
B. cerebral ventricles
C. corpus callosum
D. circle of Willis
A

C. corpus callosum

25
Q 
Which of the following does the RLN not innervate?
A. posterior cricoarytenoid
B. thyroarytenoid
C. cricothyroid
D. interarytenoid
E. lateral cricoarytenoid
A

C. cricothyroid

26
Q 
Which theory states, that energy from the vibrating vocal folds is modified by the resonance characteristics of the vocal tract?
A. Bernoulli
B. Source-filter
C. Myoelastic aerodynamic
D. Body-cover model
A

B. Source-filter

Praxis - Amanda & Gail (15 decks)

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