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Flashcards in cell pathology case studies Deck (13)
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1
Q

whata are effects of helicobacter infection on stomach?

A

Inflammation: acute and chronic

Cell damage: atrophy, metaplasia and dysplasia

Neoplasia: carcinoma and lymphoma

2
Q

what are the nost common causes of gastritis?

A
  • chemical agents
  • infectious agents (helicobacter)
  • immune reactions
3
Q

what is common histology of this acute inflammation?

A
  • lots of neutrophils
4
Q

how does helicobacter result in lymphoma?

A
  • recruits lymphocytes
  • induces the formation of lymphoid follicles
  • which results in increased risk in lymphoma
5
Q

what is Granulomatous gastritis?

A

subset of chronic inflammation

- involves specific immune reaction T-Cells

6
Q

what are causes of Granulomatous gastritis?

A

TB, fungi, helicobacter

7
Q

what are intestinal metaplasia and atrophy in response to?

A
  • response to long term damage
8
Q

how to identify gastric metaplasia?

A
  • never normally find goblet cells in the stomach
9
Q

what happens in atrophy?

A
  • decreased individual cell size and decreased organ size

- Gastric mucosa becomes thin and the functional cells shrink

10
Q

what are the causes of intestinal metaplasia and atrophy?

A
  • Infection - helicobacter
  • Chemical - reflux of bile acid from duodenum into the stomach
  • Autoimmune Gastritis
11
Q

is this damage curable?

A
  • above basement membrane so the treatment is curable
12
Q

what is a lymphomo?

A

A malignant tumour of lymphoid tissue.

• Also associated with helicobacter gastritis

13
Q

whata re the three major outcomes of atherosclerosis?

A
  • occludes arteries slowly
    Angina
    Myocardial scarring Dementia
  • occludes arteries suddenly
    plaque ruptures –> thrombosis + embolism
  • weakens artery walls

Aneurysms
Thick atheromatous plaque in the intima reduces the diffusion of nutrients from inside the wall

Nutrition of the wall is depressed and you get atrophy of the muscle fibres

Muscle fibres are replaced by fibrous tissue