✅Case Study - Apple as a TNC Flashcards Preview

AQA A Level Geography - HUMAN > ✅Case Study - Apple as a TNC > Flashcards

Flashcards in ✅Case Study - Apple as a TNC Deck (42)
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1
Q

Where are Apple’s headquarters?

A

Cupertino, northern California

2
Q

When did Apple launch?

A

1976

3
Q

When did Apple first start seeing big growth?

A

2000 with mobile and WiFi devices

4
Q

Where does Apple stand in global IT company rankings?

A

2nd, behind Samsung

5
Q

Where does Apple stand in global mobile phone manufacturing rankings?

A

3rd

6
Q

Apple is the number one…

A

…global brand by value

7
Q

How much is Apple worth?

A

$145 billion

8
Q

How many full time retail employees does Apple have?

A

98,000

9
Q

Where does Apple stand in the global TNC rankings?

A

11th

10
Q

What is Apples market predominantly aimed at?

A

Richer, developed countries

11
Q

What percentage of sales are in the USA?

A

44%

12
Q

Where has the most rapid growth been in recent years?

A

Asia Pacific region

13
Q

Where are most of Apple’s employees based?

A

In the developed world, mainly USA

14
Q

Where are its US offices located?

A

Cupertino, Newark and Santa Clara, CA and Maiden, North Carolina

15
Q

Where are Apple’s European headquarters?

A

Cork, Ireland

16
Q

How many people are employed in Cork?

A

4000

17
Q

What is manufactured in Cork?

A

iMacs

18
Q

What services are based in Cork?

A

Customer support and online call centres

19
Q

Which company is manufacture of iPhones, iPods and iPads outsourced to?

A

Foxconn

20
Q

Where is Foxconn city?

A

Shenzen, Guangdong Province, China

21
Q

Which other city does Foxconn have a factory in?

A

Chengdu, Sichuan Province

22
Q

How many retail stores does Apple have?

A

453

23
Q

Where are the retail stores located?

A

110 in Europe and Middle East

25 in China

24
Q

Why are Apple’s products made in China?

A

Large source of skilled, hard working, low paid workers
A number of companies competed for the Apple contract, forcing down costs
Shenzen was the location of China’s first Special Economic Zone, attracting many foreign companies

25
Q

What is Foxconn city?

A

A business park with a number of factories belonging to different manufacturers of high tech products

26
Q

How many people are employed in Foxconn city?

A

40,000

27
Q

How do people live in Foxconn city?

A

It is self contained and high security, and most workers live on site where there are shops, dormitories and cafes

28
Q

What are wages like in Foxconn city?

A

$150-200 a month, above minimum wage and above average for China

29
Q

Why was Apple attracted to Ireland?

A

It has low corporation tax, 12.5%, second lowest in the EU

30
Q

How many jobs have been generated in Cork?

A

2500

31
Q

How has the company’s presence benefited Cork?

A

It has attracted other large firms to operate there too as well as a highly skilled workforce

32
Q

How has Apple negatively impacted Cork?

A

Much of the workforce are foreign EU nationals, and Apple was accused of not creating enough work for locals

33
Q

Why has Apple been criticised for tax practices?

A

It has used subsidiary firms in other countries to declare profits and pay lower tax rates

34
Q

How has Apple cuased tension between the US and EU?

A

Both claimed that Apple owed then tax on their profits which exposed a flaw in the globalised world

35
Q

What was reported about Apple’s Chinese factories in 2006?

A

That 200,000 workers were regularly working more than 60 hours a week for around $100 a month, half of which was taken up by living costs

36
Q

Why was Apple sued by Chinese workers in 2010?

A

Fifty workers were poisoned by a toxic chemical used to clean iPad screens, as adequate ventilation had not been installed to reduce costs

37
Q

How are children treated in Apple factories?

A

The same as adults, with same hours and working conditions but called ‘trainees’ or ‘interns’ to avoid prosecution

38
Q

How have suicides affected Apple’s reputation?

A

In 2009, a Foxconn worker committed suicide after coming under pressure following the disappearance of an iPhone 4 prototype. By the end of 2010, 14 suicides had occurred largely due to working conditions

39
Q

How has Apple responded to the issues in China?

A

It now has a Supplier Code of Conduct to audit its supplier factories regularly

40
Q

Which NGO has criticised Apple’s environmental practices?

A

Greenpeace

41
Q

What 4 environmental issues were Apple criticised on?

A

Reliance on non-renewable resources to supply electricity
Use of toxic chemicals in manufacturing
Factories in China discharge pollutants into water supplies, threatening public health
Lack of recyclability of many Apple products

42
Q

How has Apple changed its environmental practices?

A

It now uses 75% renewable energy from solar farms
It removed toxic chemicals from production
Promotes recycling of products