Cardiovascular Flashcards Preview

PANCE Prep/ Green Book > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Flashcards in Cardiovascular Deck (16)
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1
Q

What is the difference between acute and subacute endocarditis?

A

acute = normal valves

subacute= abnormal valves

2
Q

What is happening in a cardiac tamponade?

A

constriction by fluid

3
Q

What is the definition of a hypertensive emergency?

A

increased BP + end organ damage

4
Q

What is the ABI in peripheral vascular disease?

A

ABI < 0.90

5
Q

What is first line in bradycardia?

A

atropine

6
Q

What are the AV node blockers?

A

ABCD

adenosine
bb
CCB
digoxin

7
Q

an M shape in lead II = what?

A

left atrial enlargement

8
Q

tall P wave in lead II = what?

A

right atrial enlargement

9
Q

How quickly can you decrease BP in a hypertensive emergency?

A

25% in first hour by IV
5-`15% over the next 23 hours

with an aortic dissection need to use BB to get to 100-120 systolic

10
Q

Diff in symptoms between pericarditis and pericardial effusion?

A

acute pericarditis: sharp, pleuritic substernal chest pain, relieved by sitting forward, cardiac friction rub

chronic pericarditis: progressive dyspnea, fatigue, weakness, edema, hepatomegaly, ascites

pericardial effusion: painful or painless, cough, dyspnea

11
Q

tx constrictive pericarditis

A

paricardiectomy

12
Q

tx pericardial effusion

A

pericardiocentesis

13
Q

dx studies for AAA: screening and then after

A

screening: US
after: contrast CT for further evaluation

gold standard: angiography used before surgical intervention

14
Q

dx of dissecting aortic aneurysm

A

CT with contrast becoming test of choice

MRI angiography is the gold standard

TEE can be used for initial eval

15
Q

electrical alternans goes with what heart problem?

A

pericardial effusion

its swinging in the fluid

16
Q

gold standard for PAD

A

angiography