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Peds CCRN > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q 
A 7-month-old infant with bronchiolitis is admitted for respiratory failure. After endotracheal intubation and fluid resuscitation, the child develops copious pink, frothy tracheal secretions. These findings suggest 
A. aspiration pneumonia
B. viral pneumonia
C. congestive heart failure
D. pulmonary edema
A

D. Pulomary Edema

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2
Q 
Which of the following would be an UNEXPECTED assessment finding in the child with cardiogenic pulmonary edema?
A. Inspiratory stridor
B. Oliguria
C. Hepatomegaly
D. An S3 heart sound
A

A. Inspiratory stridor

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3
Q 
A toddler is admitted for observation following suspected lamp oil ingestion. The child is becoming progressively more tachypneic and tachycardic. The nurse anticipates which of the following interventions? 
A. Furosemide administration
B. Antidote therapy
C. Endotracheal intubation
D. Albuterol nebulization
A

C. Endotracheal intubation

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4
Q 
A toddler is scheduled for tetralogy of Fallot repair tomorrow. The child experiences an acute hypercyanotic episode. The nurse can minimize symptoms by placing the patient in
A. reverse Trendelenburg position
B. a knee to chest position
C. semi-Fowler's position
D. sniffing position
A

B. A knee to chest position

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5
Q 
A 1-week-old is admitted for critical coarctation of the aorta. The priority intervention is administration of
A. prostaglandin
B. indomethacin
C. crystalloids
D. epinephrine
A

A. prostaglandin

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6
Q 
Following an arterial switch procedure for a congenital heart defect the nurse observes facial swelling in a child. This finding suggests superior vena cava syndrome. The most likely cause is 
A. switch procedure failure
B. tension pneumothorax
C. internal jugular occlusion
D. pericardial effusion
A

C. internal jugular occulsion

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7
Q 
A child underwent correction of a large unrestricted ventricular septal defect. Following surgery the nurse observes the child is acutely hypoxic and hypotensive. Right atrial pressure is elevated. Which condition is the most likely cause of these findings?
A. Pulmonary hypertensive crisis
B. Left-to-right shunting
C. Postoperative hypovolemia
D. Pulmonary overcirculation
A

A. Pulmonary hypertensive crisis

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8
Q

Following a large perimembranous ventriculoseptal defect repair an infant’s heart rate is 65 per min. The child is cool, mottled, and oliguric. The nurse understands the most appropriate intervention is to
A. infuse a 20 ml/kg crystalloid bolus
B. initiate a continuous epinephrine infusion
C. begin transthoracic cardiac pacing
D. administer 0.02 mg/kg intravenous atropine

A

C. Begin transthoracic cardiac pacing

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9
Q 
A child is admitted with tachycardia, hypotension, tachypnea, crackles, hepatomegaly, weak peripheral pulses, and cool skin. These findings suggest which type of shock?
A. Hypovolemic
B. Distributive
C. Obstructive
D. Cardiogenic
A

D. Cardiogenic

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10
Q

Which of the following statements by an adolescent indicates successful teaching regarding beta-blocker use?
A. “I’ll only take a pill when I’m not feeling good.”
B. “If I miss a dose, I’ll wait till the next dose is due.”
C. “I will take the pill right after dinner each night.”
D. “If I miss a pill, I should take 2 for my next dose.”

A

B. “If I miss a dose, I’ll wait till the next dose is due.”

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11
Q 
A 10-year-old who recently started playing on a basketball team is admitted with palpitations and syncope. Symptoms occurred during physical exertion. An echocardiogram reveals a thickened left ventricle. The nurse suspects which type of cardiomyopathy? 
A. Dilated
B. Restrictive 
C.Hypertrophic 
D. Unclassified
A

C. Hypertrophic

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12
Q

An unresponsive toddler is pulseless. The following rhythm is noted when a cardiac monitor is first attached. The most appropriate initial intervention is to
A. defibrillate immediately with 2 J/kg
B. facilitate endotracheal intubation
C. perform 2 minutes of cardiac compressions
D. bolus with epinephrine 0.01 mg/kg

A

C. perform 2 minutes of cardiac compressions

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13
Q 
An alert 2-month-old infant with the following ECG tracing is admitted for lethargy and poor feeding. The child is tachypneic and has mild subcostal retractions. Vital signs are: HR 232/min; BP 74/43 mm HG. Which of the following is the priority intervention? 
A. Defibrillate with 2 J/kg.
B. Perform vagal maneuvers
C. Cardiovert with 0.5 J/kg
D. Administer adenosine 0.1 mg/kg.
A

D. Administer adenosine 0.1 mg/kg

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14
Q 
An adolescent is admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit with new onset chest pain, exercise intolerance, fatigue, malaise, cough, a low-grade fever, and signs of end organ hypoperfusion. These findings suggest heart failure due to
A. aortic stenosis
B. viral myocarditis
C. bacterial endocarditis
D. a patent foramen ovale
A

B. viral myocarditis

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15
Q

In a child admitted with acute heart failure, which of the following laboratory findings would suggest improvement of the patient’s condition?
A. B-typer natriuretic peptide level drops
B. Troponin I level slowly climbs
C. CK-MB level decreases on day 2
D. Serum myoglobin level rises

A

A. B-typer natriuretic peptide level drops

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16
Q

Following cardiac surgery a 5kg 3-month-old patient is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit. The mediastinal chest tube output is 5 mL/kg/hr for the first 3 postoperative hours.Bilateral pleural tube output is minimal.
A. This child’s chest tube output is appropriate for weight
B. This child is at risk for hypovolemic shock
C. this child is stable because pleural tube output is low
D. This child’s mediastinal tube needs to be milked

A

B. This child is at risk for hypovolemic shock

17
Q 
Which of the following laboratory values indicates septic shock resolution?
A. Base deficit: -6
B. Creatinine: 2.0 mg/dl
C. pH: 7.30
D. Lactate: 1.5 mmol/L
A

D. Lactate: 1.5 mmol/L

18
Q 
Cardiac catheterization is an INEFFETIVE strategy for 
A. atrial septal defect closure
B. patent ductus arteriosus ligation
C. Blalock-Taussig shunt placement
D. pulmonary valve implantation
A

C. Blalock-Taussig shunt placement

19
Q

Following a diagnostic cardiac catheterization procedure a child experiences unilateral pedal pulse loss. The nurse anticipates the need to
A. initiate a continuous heparin infusion
B. apply direct pressure to the insertion site
C. start and titrate a dopamine infusion
D. resume home aspirin therapy

A

A. Initiate a continuous heparin infusion

20
Q 
A 15-year-old patient has Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome. Which of the following treatment options offers this child long term control? 
A. Ablation therapy
B. Dual chamber pacing
C. AICD insertion
D. Heart transplantation
A

A. Ablation therapy

21
Q 
Which medication is CONTRAINDICATED in the management of a newborn with hypoplastic left heart syndrome?
A. Epinephrine
B. Digoxin
C. Prostaglandin
D. Indomethacin
A

D. Indomethacin

Peds CCRN (10 decks)

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