Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

Carbohydrates are formed via

A

Photosynthesis

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2
Q

What percent of dry weight is carbohydrates?

A

75 percent

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3
Q

What are the three classifications of carbohydrates?

A

Monosaccharides (1 sugar)
Disaccharides (2 sugar)
Polysaccharides (many sugars)

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4
Q

Examples of monosaccharides

A

Hexoses (6-carbon sugars)

  • glucose
  • fructose
  • galactose
  • mannose

Pentoses (5-Carbon sugars)

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5
Q

Examples of Disaccharides

A

Sucrose
Lactose
Maltose
Cellobiose

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6
Q

Maltose is an example of an

A

Alpha 1-4 linkage

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7
Q

Cellobiose is an example of a

A

Beta 1-4 linkage

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8
Q

Examples of polysaccharides

A

Homopolysaccharides (1 type of polysaccharide - many molecules)
- startch

Cellulose (Beta 1-4 linkage)

Inulin

Beta Glucan

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9
Q

Which polysaccharide is digested only by microbial enzymes and is a Beta 1-4 linkage?

A

Cellulose

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10
Q

Which polysaccharide is made of fructose, is found in roots and stems and can only be digested by microbial enzymes?

A

Inulin

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11
Q

Supplementary bacteria fed directly to the animal

A

Probiotic

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12
Q

Supplement given to animals to support good bacteria already in the system

A

Prebiotic

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13
Q

Which polysaccharide is found in the cell walls if barley, oats and yeast, and absorbs water that forms a gel?

A

Beta Glucan

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14
Q

Hemicellulose and Pectin are examples of

A

Hetropolysaccharides

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15
Q

Non-carb plant structures

A

Lignin

Silica

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16
Q

Which non-carb structure increases with plant maturity and decreases digestibility?

A

Lignin

17
Q

Which non-carb structure provides a barrier to digestive enzymes or microbes?

A

Silica