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Biochemisty > Carbohydrates > Flashcards

Carbohydrates Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 carbon Aldose and ketose forms called?

A

Aldose- erythrose

Ketose- erythrulose

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2
Q

What are the 5 carbon Aldose and ketose forms called?

A

Aldose- ribose, Xylose and arabinose

Ketose- ribulose, xylulose

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3
Q

What are the 6 carbon Aldose and ketose forms called?

A

Aldose- glucose, galactose, mannose

Ketose- fructose

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4
Q

What are the 7 carbon Aldose and ketose forms called?

A

Aldose- glucoheptose, galactoheptose

Ketose- pseudoheptulose

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5
Q

What is an enantiomer?

A

Mirror image

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6
Q

What is a diasteriomer?

A

Non mirror image that is different at one or more chiral carbons

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7
Q

What are epimers?

A

Differing configurations around non symmetrical carbons

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8
Q

What are anomers?

A

Like an epimer but in a cyclic molecule

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9
Q

When a sugar is capable of reducing another element it is called?

A

A reducing sugar

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10
Q

What is an example of a reducing sugar formed by two glucose molecules?

A

Maltose

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11
Q

Sucrose is a non reducing sugar formed by what two molecules?

A

Glucose and fructose

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12
Q

Linear starch or glycogen molecules are connected by what linkage?

A

Alpha 1-4

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13
Q

Branching starch or glycogen molecules are connected by what linkage?

A

Alpha 1-6

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14
Q

How often to glycogen and starch branch?

A

Glycogen branches every 10

Starch branches every 30

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15
Q

Cellulose is held together by what linkage?

A

Beta linkages

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16
Q

O glycosylation has what amino acid attachment?

A

Ser/thr

17
Q

N glycosylation has what amino acid attachment?

A

Asn

18
Q

What are the functions of proteoglycans?

A
  • Filter substances(main function)

- serve as lubricant

19
Q

Hyaluronate functions where?

A

Neural tissue

20
Q

Chondroitin functions how?

A

As a lubricant

21
Q

Keratan sulfate functions where?

A

Connective tissue

22
Q

Heparin functions how?

A

Anti coagulant

23
Q

What are the 3 carbon Aldose and ketose forms called?

A

Aldose- glyceraldehyde

Ketose-dihydroxy acetone

Biochemisty (23 decks)

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