Canine Pelvic Limb Functionality Flashcards Preview

Vet Gross Anatomy > Canine Pelvic Limb Functionality > Flashcards

Flashcards in Canine Pelvic Limb Functionality Deck (20)
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1
Q

Os coxae

A

comprised of four fused bones in the adult

2
Q

Pelvic Canal

A

region between the pelvic inlet and outlet that provides protection to the viscera of the reproductive, urinary, and digestive tracts

3
Q

Pelvic Inlet

borders

A

Lateral and ventral: arcuate line of the ilium

Dorsal: promontory of the sacrum

4
Q

Pelvic Outlet

borders

A

Ventral: ischiatic arch
Mid-dorsal: first caudal vertebra
Lateral: sarcotuberous ligament, superficial gluteal muscles, muscles of the pelvic diaphragm

5
Q

Hip Luxations

A
  • dislocation of femoral head out of acetabulum
  • majority are craniodorsal
  • primarily caused by vehicular trauma
6
Q

Femoral Triangle

A
  • where femoral artery, vein and nerve are located
  • Base: abdominal wall and inguinal ligament
  • Cranial border: caudal part of sartorius muscle
  • Caudal border: pectineus muscle
7
Q

Vascular Lacuna

A

opening in abdominal wall for passage of femoral vessels and nerve to pelvic limb
- located between inguinal ligament and pelvis

8
Q

Hip Joint

A
  • ball and socket
  • articular capsule present
  • femur held in place by ligament of femoral head and transverse acetabular ligament
9
Q

Hip Dysplasia

A
  • common in large breed dogs
  • inherited, polygenic, developmental defect
  • poor formation of hip joint
  • clinical symptoms occur at 5-8 months of age
  • treatments: TPO, FHO, total hip replacement
10
Q

TPO

A
  • repositioning the acetabulum
  • changes in orientation of hip socket
  • reserved for younger dogs, 5 months to 1 year
11
Q

FHO

A
  • removing head of femur
  • trying to take away pain from arthritis
  • better done in small and medium breed dogs
12
Q

Total Hip Replacement

A
  • ball and socket replaced
  • best for large breed dogs
  • very expensive
13
Q

Femoral Head Necrosis

A
  • small breed dogs
  • unknown etiology
  • pain upon forced abduction and extension of limb
14
Q

Cranial Cruciate Tear

A
  • most common cause of rear limb lameness
  • sudden rotation of limb when joint is flexed
  • rupture allows tibia to move cranially
  • treatments: TTA, TPLO, Extracapsular repair
15
Q

TTA

A
  • stabilization technique
  • counteracting the force of tibial thrust due to tilted tibial plateau
  • changing angle of pull of patellar tendon to 90 degrees
16
Q

Extracapsular Repair

A
  • joint stabilization
  • no more tibial thrust present
  • suture passed from lateral aspect of femur to cranial aspect of tibia
17
Q

TPLO

A
  • stabilization of stride
  • changing the angle and relationship of femur and tibia
  • will not eliminate the cranial drawer sign
18
Q

Luxating Patella

A
  • usually medial luxation
  • small/toy breed dogs
  • may be congenital or acquired
19
Q

Partial Tear of Calcanean Tendon

A
  • usually just gastrocnemius tendon
  • dropped hock, curled toes
  • usually from trauma
20
Q

Complete Rupture of Calcanean Tendon

A
  • flat footed with a dropped hock and lame
  • all tendons are ruptured
  • can also be seen with an endocrinopathy