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Endocrine > Calcium > Flashcards

Calcium Flashcards

1
Q

What form of calcium is in your bone

A

Ca:PO4 complex

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2
Q

What happens when calcium passes through glomerular filtrate

A

98% is passively reabsorbed

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3
Q

What are the major regulatory sites of calcium

A

Bone, kidney, small intestine

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4
Q

Where is half of your calcium in your blood

A

Protein bound

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5
Q

How do you calculate K

A

Ca x PO4

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6
Q

what is the normal range for K

A

30-50

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7
Q

What happens when K is > 60-70

A

Ca salts are deposited as Ca:PO4 complex

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8
Q

What happens when K is below 30

A

bone reaborption

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9
Q

What is the hormonal control of calcium

A

Parathyroid gland secreting PTH

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10
Q

Is PTH the same throughout species

A

Yes

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11
Q

What does PTH do to bone

A

Increases bone resorption

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12
Q

What does PTH do to the kidney

A

Stimulates activation of Vit D
Increases tubular calcium reabsorption
decreases tubular phosphate reabsorption

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13
Q

What does PTH do to the intestine

A

Calcitrol increases intestinal absorption of calcium

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14
Q

What does Calcitonin do

A

Opposite of PTH
Decrease levels of Ca in blood by inhibiting bone reabsorption
Decreases tubular calcium reabsorption

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15
Q

How is Vitamin D different than other vitamins

A

made in one place and acting at others

meets criteria for hormone

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16
Q

What are the steps to make vitamin D

A

sun or diet- makes vitamin D3> liver-25(OH) vitamin D > kidney (using PTH) 1,25(OH)2 vitamin D

17
Q

What is the major action of VItamin D in the gut

A

Stimulate transepitheial transport of Ca and phosphate in the small intestine

18
Q

What are the 3 principle tissues that regulate Ca

A

intestines
kidney
bone

19
Q

What happens in Milk Fever

A

Hypocalcemic disorder associated with initiation of lactation in dairy cows. Low Ca and PO4

20
Q

Where is hypoparathyroidism most comon

A

young dogs/cat 1-4 years old

21
Q

How does hypoparathyroidism occur

A

autoimmune, surgery for hyperthyroidisim

22
Q

Where is hyperparathyroidism occur

A

common in dogs

23
Q

What happens in hyperparathyroidism

A

High PTH
High Ca
Low PO4
Bone loss

24
Q

How do you treat hyperparathyroidsim

A

Surgery

25
Q

What happens in secondary hyperparathyroidism

A

Diet induced
Low Ca
Low PTH
Bone loss

26
Q

What happens during Hypervitaminosis

A

Suppressed PTH
High Ca and PO4
Bone breakdown
used in rodenticides

27
Q

How to differentiate between 1, 2 hyperparathyroidism, and hypervitaminosis D

A

1: Increase in serum calcium. High PTH
2: Low serum calcium. High PTH
Hyp D: High serum Ca. Low PTH

28
Q

What happens in hypercalcemia of malignancy

A

Hypercalcemia

Low PTH

29
Q

What happens in primary hyperparathyroidism

A

Hypercalcemia

High PTH

30
Q

What happens in hypervitaminois D do

A

Hypercalcemia

low PTH

31
Q

How do you get calcium in

A

Intestinal absorption, bone resorption

Endocrine (18 decks)

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