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Flashcards in Branches of Government Deck (23)
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1
Q

cloture

A

procedure used in Senate to terminate debate (especially filibusters)

requires three-fifths majority

limits Senator to 1 more hour of debate after passing of vote

2
Q

judicial review

A

process wherein courts determine constitutionality of laws

3
Q

passport

A

document issued to citizen of country which allows traveling abroad and reentry to home country

4
Q

Marbury v. Madison (1803)

A

President Adams attempted to stack courts in favor of the Federalists before inauguration of President Jefferson who directed his Secretary of State (Madison) to withhold commission from Adam’s appointee (Marbury)

Supreme Court ruled that Judiciary Act of 1789 was “unconstitutional” and thus established the power of judicial review (Madison)

5
Q

impeachment

A

formal charge of a public official for misconduct in office by House of Representatives

leads to formal trial in Senate where two-thirds majority is needed for removal from office

6
Q

appellate jurisdiction

A

authority of court to review decisions made by lower courts

7
Q

filibuster

A

lengthy speech designed to delay or kill vote on bill

only used in Senate

8
Q

original jurisdiction

A

authority of court to rule on cases that are being heard for first time

9
Q

appropriation

A

bill that sets aside money for specific federal agencies or programs

10
Q

dissenting opinion

A

statement written by justice who disagrees with the majority opinion

mostly symbolic

11
Q

precedent

A

example that may serve as basis for imitation or later action

able to be overturned by Supreme Court

12
Q

majority opinion

A

statement written by justice who agrees with majority opinion

gives reasons behind ruling

sets precedent for future rulings

13
Q

Necessary and Proper Clause

A

states that Congress has the right to make all laws necessary and proper to carry out all powers the Constitution vests in the national government

increased the power of the national government

14
Q

10th Amendment

A

states that all powers not given to the national government in the Constitution are reserved for the states

increased the power of state governments

15
Q

War Powers Act (1973)

A

states that President must notify Congress with 48 hours of sending troops into imminent hostilities

gives President 60 days to remove troops from imminent hostilities without Congress’s approval

16
Q

house in which leadership is most important

A

House of Representatives

17
Q

bill-to-law process

A

drafting

committee vote

house floor vote

senate floor vote

presidential approval

18
Q

Theodore Roosevelt

A

26th president of United States

created image of modern presidency

commissioned the Panama Canal

created the national parks through executive orders

19
Q

John Marshall

A

former Chief Justice of Supreme Court

made historic ruling on Marbury v. Madison which gave Supreme Court power of judicial review

20
Q

John Roberts

A

current Chief Justice of Supreme Court

appointed by George W. Bush

21
Q

Abraham Lincoln

A

16th president of United States

provided roots for leadership of current Republican Party

22
Q

Andrew Jackson

A

7th president of United States

founder the current Democratic Party

23
Q

Franklin Roosevelt

A

32nd president of United States

helped revolutionize government’s involvement in economy during Great Depression

served 4 consecutive terms as president