What drugs display tachyphylaxis
MED students Love to watch CNN in HD
(MED) Metoclopromide,Ephedrine, Dobutamine
LSD
CNN (calcitonin, Nitroglycerin, Nicotine)
HD (hydralazine, desmopressin)
What drugs display zero order elimination kinetics?
WHAT PET
Warfarin
Heparin
Aspirin
Tolbutamide
Phenytoin
Ethanol
Theophylline
Phase I reactions
HORD
Hydrolysis
Oxidation
Reduction
Deamination
Cytochrome p450 inhibitors?
Inhibitors Stop Cyber Kids from Eating GRApefruit QV
Isoniazid Sulfonamides Cimetidine Ketoconazole Erythromycin
Grapefruit Tiyonavir Amiodarone Quinidine Valproic acid
Common teratogens?
ACE inhibitors - Phenytoin - Barbiturates - DES - Ethanol -
ACE inhibitors - fetal renal damage Phenytoin -fetal hydantoin syndrome Barbiturates - neonatal dependance DES - vaginal clear cell adenoCA Ethanol - fetal alcohol syndrome
Common teratogens??
Lithium - Isotret - Misoprostol - Penicillamine- Thalidomide -
Lithium -ebsteins anomaly Isotret - craniofacial malformations Misoprostol - mobius syndrome Penicillamine- cutis laxa Thalidomide - phocomelia
Common teratogens?
Smoking - Tetracycline- Methimazole- Sulfonamides - Warfarin-
Smoking - IUGR Tetracycline- tooth discoloration Methimazole- aplasia cutis congenita Sulfonamides - kernicterus Warfarin- 1st tri(chondrodysplasia) 2nd (CNS malformations) 3rd (bleeding)
Treatment for organophosphate poisoning?
1st choice - ATROPINE
2nd - pralidoxime(must be administered before 6-8 hours)
Most selective drug for prostatic Smooth muscle?
Tamsulosin
Drugs that can decrease secretion of aqueous humor?
TAMAD gumawa ng Aqueous humor
Timolol Acetazolamide Mannitol Apraclonidine Dorzolamide
Side effects of Thiazides?
Hyper GLUC
Hyper Glycemia
Hyper lipidemia
Hyper uricemia
Hyper Calcemia
What drugs are used to control BP in pheochromocytoma?
PLP
Phenoxybenzamine
Phentolamine
Labetalol
Primary signs of parkinson disease
TRAP tremor rigidity akinesis postural instability
Most common side effect of Apomorphine and what drug can be used to prevent it?
severe nausea
premedicatr with Trimethobenzamide
What syndrome occurs when Selegiline (mao b inhibitor) is combined with SSRIs?
serotonin syndrome
antipsychotic with strongest autonomic effects
and only one with fatal overdose
thioridazine
antipyschotic with the weakes autonomic effect and least sedating among typical antipsychotics
haloperidol
only antipsychotic that reduces risk of suicide
clozapine
Only antipsychotic approved for schizophrenia in youth
risperidone
neuroleptic malignant syndrome symptoms?
and treatment?
Fever Encephalopathy Vitals unstable Elevated cpk Rigidity
tx: diphenhydramine
Least sedating atypical antipsychotic
Aripiprazole
Threshold for toxicity of lithium
2 meq/l
Toxic dose of TCA? Lethal dose?
7mg/kg td
15 mg/kg ld
What drugs cause erectile dysfunction?
A SORE PEniS cant Fuck Hard SSRI opiates Risperidone Ethanol Propranolol Estrogen Spironolactone Finasteride Hydrochlorothiazide
What drugs cause priapism?
Tigas PeniS Qu AyaW Bumaba
Trazodone Papaverine Sildenafil Quetiapine
Alprostadil Warfarin Bupropion
What are the features of Serotonin syndrome?
and treatment
FAT CHD Fever Agitation Tremor Clonus Hyperreflexia Diaphoresis
tx: cyproheptadine
Drug induced lupus?
Its HIPP to have LUPUS
Hydralazine
Isoniazid
Procainamide
Penicillamine
Side effect of nitroprusside?
cyanide toxicity
Treatment - amyl nitrite + IV Na nitrite + IV Na thiosulfate
What drugs have Narrow therapeutic index?
WALA n Cyang PaPa, Vasted na (kasi makitid utak niya)
Warfarin
Aminoglycosides
Lithium
Amphotericin B
Carbamazepine
Phenobarbital
Phenytoin
Vancomycin, theophylline, digoxin
Treatment for digitalis toxicity?
lidocaine
What drugs can cause livedo reticularis?
HAMburGer with Quezo can cause LIVEDO Reticularis
Hydroxyurea Amantadine Minocycline Gemcitabine Quinidine
What are the drugs that can cause agranulocytosis?
Si Granny, kailangan naka-CCCAPPIT! Para d madapa! Colchicine Co-trimoxazole Clozapine Aminopyrine PTU Phenoxybutazone Indomethacin Tocainide
Different classifications of antiarrhytmic drugs?
SBP-C
I - Sodium channel blockers
II - Beta blockers
III - Potassium channel blockers
IV - Calcium channel clockers
Class I A anti-arrhytmics??
I Am Queen who Proclaimed Disopyramid
Quinidine
Procainamide
Disopyramide
Class I B antiarrhytmics?
I Buy Mexican Tacos from Lily
mexiletine
Tocainide
Lidocaine
Class I C antiarrhytmics?
Chicken ay Pagkain For Enrico
Propafenone
Flecainide
Encainide
Class III antiarrhytmics?
AIDS
Amiodarone
Ibutilide
Dofetilide
Sotalol
Rate limiting enzyme for ketone body synthesis?
HMG CoA synthase
What is the Toxic dose of aspirin?
150 mg/kg or 21 aspirin 500 mg tabs
What is the lethal dose of aspirin?
30 g (60 aspirin tabs)
What is the antidote of paracetamol overdose?
N-acetylcysteine
Toxic dose of Paracetamol?
150 mg/kg (21 paracetamol 500 mg tabs)
Lethal dose of Paracetamol?
15 g (30 paracetamol 500 mg tabs)
DMARD of 1st choice to treat Rheumatoid arthritis?
Methotrexate
Antidote of Methotrexate?
LEUCOVORIN or Folinic acid
Rescue agent for Cyclosphamide toxicity?
MESNA
DMARD drug that can reactivate latent TB?
Infliximab
What drug that can irreversibly inhibits xanthine oxidase?
Allopurinol
What are drugs that cause flushing?
V-A-N-C
Vancomycin
Adenosine
Niacin
Ca channel blockers
DOC for acute migraine?
Sumatriptan
Antidote for ergotamide toxicity.
Nitroprusside
Oral and IV treatment for Iron overload?
Oral - defrasirOx
IV - deferoxamIne
Treatment for heparin overdose? Warfarin overdose?
Heparin overdose - protamine sulfate
Warfarin overdose - vit k and FFP
Advantage of enoxaparin and fondaparinux as compare to heparin?
Does not require aPTT
Cyp 450 inducers?
Ethel Booba takes Penis and Refuses Girls ClitoriS
Ethanol Barbiturates Phenytoin Rifampicin Griseofulvin Carbamazepine Smoking
Antidote for alteplase and streptokinase.
Aminocaproic acid
Treatment for lead poisoning?
Dimercaprol
Drugs that are category X?
Sex ON CAM
Statin
OCP
Clomiphene
Vit A
misoprostol
Treatment for rebound hypertension?
Phentolamine
What drugs can cause gingival hyperplasia?
NapaCa-Pangit ng gingiva mo VEH!
Nifedipine
Cyclosporine
Phenytoin
Verapamil
DOC for venticular arrhythmias post MI?
IB lidocaine?
Anti hyperlipidemic drug that can increase risk of cholesterol gallstone?
Fibrates
shortest and longest halflife opiod?
Remifentanil - 3-4 mins
Buprenorphine - 4-8 hrs
Triad of opiod overdose?
pcr
Pupillary constriction
Comatose state
Respiratory Depression
Most dangerous hallucinogenic agent
Phencyclidine
Wolf-chaikoff versus Jod Basedow?
Wolf Chaikoff - ingestion of iodine causes hypothyroidism
Jod Basedow phenomenon - ingestion of iodine causes hyperthyroidism
Which antithyroid inhibit peripheral conversion T4 to T3?
Propylthiouracil
Propranolol
Hydrocortisone
Drugs which can cause drug-induced hyperthyroidism?
Clofibrate
Amiodarone
Methadone
drug of choice for pregnant patients with cushings syndrome
metyrapone
Bactericidal antibiotics?
Very Finely Proficient at Cell Murder
Vancomycin Fluoroquinolones Penicillins
Aminoglycosides Cephalosporin Metronidazole
Bacteriostatic antibiotics?
We're ECSTaTic about bacteriostatics. Erythromycin Clindamycin Sulfamethoxazole Trimethoprim Tetracycline Chloramphenicol
antimicrobial coverage coverage of extended spectrum penicillins?
Amoxicillin HELPS kill Enterococci. Haemophilus influenzae Escherichia coli Listeria monocytogenes Proteus mirabilis Salmonella Enterococci
differentiate antimicrobial coverage of first and second gen cephalosporins.
first gen- PEcKs First Gram positive plus Proteus mirabilis Escherichia coli Klebsiella pneumoniae
second gen - HEN PEcKS additional coverage of: Hemophilus influenzae Enterobacter aerogenes Neisseria Proteus mirabilis E.coli Klebsiella pneumoniae Serratia marcescens
first gen cephalosporins?
FADer help me FAZ my PHarmacology boards CeFADroxil CeFAZolin CePHalothin CePHapirin CePHradine CePHalexin
second gen cephalosporins?
In a FAMily gathering you see your FOXy cousin wearing a FUR coat and drinking TEA.
CeFAMandole CeFOXitin
CeFURoxime CefoTEtan
Third gen cephalosporins?
FEnge PO ng PERA to FIX my TTTTTV CeFEtamet CefPOdoxin CefoPERAzone CeFIXime CefTriaxone CefTazidime CefoTaxime CefTizoxime CefTibuten
anti-pseudomonal cephalosporins?
Ceftazidime
Cefepime
Cefoperazone
examples of antibiotic which are 30s and 50s protein synthesis inhibitors?
Buy AT 30 CELLS at 50 Aminoglycosides Tetracyclines Chloramphenicol Erythromycin Lincosamides Linezolid Streptogramins
All macrolides inhibit CYP450 except?
Azithromycin
Which antiobiotic is the only drug which inhibits 50s and is bactericidal?
Streptogramin - Quinupristin-Dalfopristin
Aminoglycoside with the narrowest therapeuti window
Amikacin
Aminoglycosides which are the most vestibulotoxic and nephrotoxic aminoglycosides.
Gentamicin and Tobramycin
Aminoglycoside used for Hepatic encephalopathy?
Neomycin
Most ototoxic aminoglycoside
Kanamycin and amikacin
Aminoglycoside for Visceral leishmaniasis
Paromomycin
Drugs which may cause Pulmonary fibrosis
BBBAN ME Bleomycin Busulfan Bromocriptine Amiodarone Nitrofurantoin Methotrexate
DOC for West African sleeping sickness with CNS involvement
Eflornithine
DOC for East African sleeping sickness with CNS involvement
Melarsopol
DOC for chagas disease
nifurtimox
DOC for leishmaniasis
Sodium Stibogluconate
All cestodes treated with praziquantel except for hydatid disease. DOC?
Albendazole
DOC for trematodes
Praziquantel
DOC for Trichinosis
thiabendazole
DOC for pinworm infection
pyrantel pamoate
DOC for Strongyloidiasis
ivermectin
DOC for filariasis
diethylcarbamazine
DOC for whipworm infection
mebendazole
Drugs which act on M phase
Vinblastine
Vincristine
paclitaxel
drug which act on g2 phase
bleomycin
Drug which act on Go phase
alkylating agents antitumor antibiotics nitrosureas cisplatn
drugs which act on s phase
cytarabine 6-mercapturine 6-thioganunine methotrexate hydroxyurea etoposide
Rescue tx for Methotrexate?
leucoverin
Rescue tx for Cyclophosphamide
MESNA
Rescue tx for Doxurubicin
Dexrazoxane
Rescue tx for Cisplatin
Amifostine
side effects of antacids
MgOH - diarrhea Mgtatae
AlOH - constipation Alatae
DOC for diabetic gastroparesis
Metoclopromide
DOC for Acute arsenic poisoining, Acute mercury poisoning
dimercaprol
DOC for chronic lead poisoning
oral succimer
EDTA+dimercaprol (for severe cases)
DOC for copper poisoning
penicillamine
manifestation of ASA poisoning
CHAFS coma hyperventilation acidosis fever seizure
manifestation of sedative-hypnotics poisoning
and tx
hot hot hot decision hypothermia hypotension hypoactive bs disinhibition coma nystagmus
tx: flumazenil for benzodiazepine overdose
increased stool osmolar gap
Methanol ethanol diuretics isopropyl alcohol ethylene glycol
drugs that cause hyperkalemia
beta blockers digitalis overdose fluoride lithium potassium-sparing diuretics
antidote for methanol and ethylene glycol poisoning
Ethanol or fomepizole
antidote for b-blocker overdose
glucagon
antidote for carbon monoxide poisoning
hyperbaric oxygen
adverse effects of loop diuretics?
OH DANG Ototoxicity Hypokalemia Dehydration Allergy to sulfa Nephritis Gout
Adverse effect of thiazide
HyperGLUC Hyperglycemia hyperlipidemia hyperuricemia hypercalcemia
Antidote for Benzodiazepine overdose?
Flumazenil
Which benzodiazepine has the longest half life?
Chlor dia zepoxide
What drugs are considered date-rape drugs?
Alcohol - most common
Flunitrazepam
Gamma-hydroxybutarate
Drug of Choice for kids with Status Epilepticus
Phenobarbital
Drug of choice for Generalized Anxiety Disorder
Buspirone
Blood Alcohol concentration that impairs driving ability?
60-80 mg/dL
What changes in the brain are seen in Wernicke Korsakoff syndrome?
Hemorrhagic necrosis of the mamillary body
What drugs can cause disulfiram reaction?
Clara took the PreMedical Test in the PM
Chlorpropamide
Cefo Perazone
Mandole
Tetan
Procarcazine
Metronidazole
DOC for trigeminal neuralgia?
Carbamazepine
DOC for partial seizure and Bipolar disorder?
Carbamazepine
Most inhaled anesthetics are bronchodilators except?
Desflurane - bronchospasm
Antidote for fentanyl toxicity?
Naloxone
Which local anesthetics have the Shortest and Longest half-lives?
Shortest - Procaine
Longest - ropivacaine
What is the toxic dose of Lidocaine?
5 mg/kg