Brain and Cranial Nerves Flashcards Preview

A&P I > Brain and Cranial Nerves > Flashcards

Flashcards in Brain and Cranial Nerves Deck (23)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

CRANIAL MENINGES

A

Three connective tissue layers that separate and support the soft tissue of the brain from the bones of the cranium, enclose and protect some of the blood vessels that supply the brain, and contain and help circulate cerebrospinal fluid

Three layers: the pia mater, the arachnoid mater, and the dura mater

2
Q

TENTORIUM CEREBELLI

A

Horizontally oriented fold of dura mater that separates both the occipital and temporal lobes of the cerebrum from the cerebellum. Forms a rural “tent” over the cerebellum

3
Q

FALX CEREBELLI

A

A sickle-shaped, vertical partition that divides the left and right cerebellar hemispheres

4
Q

SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM

A

A thin medial partition separating the two lateral ventricles I. The cerebrum

5
Q

CEREBROSPINAL FLUID (CSF)

A

A clear, colorless liquid that circulates within the ventricles and subarachnoid space.

Functions: buoyancy, protection, and environmental stability

6
Q

BLOOD-BRAIN BARRIER

A

The barrier that protects the brain from the contents within the blood. The BBB helps prevent exposure of neurons in the brain to drugs, waste products in the blood, and variations in levels of normal substances

7
Q

THIRD VENTRICLE

A

Smaller ventricle within the diencephalon

8
Q

FOURTH VENTRICLE

A

Located between the pons/medulla and the cerebellum

9
Q

CEREBRUM

A

The location of conscious thought processes and the origin of all complex intellectual functions

10
Q

SUBARACHNOID SPACE

A

Space between the arachnoid and pia mater

11
Q

CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT

A

Connects the third ventricle with the fourth ventricle

12
Q

ASTROCYTES

A

Cells that act as “gatekeepers” that permit materials to pass to the neurons of the brain from the capillaries

13
Q

SUBDURAL SPACE

A

Space between the arachnoid mater and the dura mater

14
Q

CORPUS CALLOSUM

A

Largest of the white matter tracts, the corpus callosum connects the hemispheres. The CC provides the main method of communication between these hemispheres

15
Q

CEREBRAL LATERALIZATION

A

The term describing how the two cerebral hemispheres appear as an atomic mirror images, but they display some functional differences

16
Q

FIVE LOBES OF THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE

A
  1. Frontal
  2. Parietal
  3. Temporal
  4. Occipital
  5. Insula*

*The insula is not visible at the surface of the hemispheres

17
Q

PARIETAL LOBE

A

Touch and proprioception

18
Q

TEMPORAL LOBE

A

Hearing and smell. This lobe is essentially between our ears and nose

19
Q

OCCIPITAL LOBE

A

Vision (we have “eyes” in the back of our head)

20
Q

INSULA LOBE

A

Taste

21
Q

WERNICKE AREA

A

Typically located only within the left hemisphere. The Wernicke area is involved in recognizing, understanding, and comprehending spoken or written language

22
Q

PETALIAS

A

Shape asymmetries of the frontal and occipital lobes of the brain. Humans tend to have these

23
Q

ANGULAR GYRUS

A

A region of the brain that processes the words we read into a form that we can speak