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Flashcards in Blood Deck (27)
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0
Q

What is the 45% of blood?

A

Rbc WBC thrombocytes

1
Q

What is 55% of bloods composition and what does it contain?

A

Plasma-
H20-90%
8% protein
Albumin -60% - osmotic, buffer ph, carrier protein
Globulin - 36% - transport protein, antibodies
Clotting proteins 4% - prothrombin
2% dissolved materials

2
Q

Characteristics of blood?

A
Sticky opaque salty
Color depends on o2
7.35/45 ph
37/37°
8% of weight
4-5L women
5-6L men
3
Q

What are the functions of blood?

A

Transport/ distribution of
02, nurtients, waste, hormones
Regulations of
Temp ph volume(bp)

4
Q

Structure &function of erythrocytes?

A
Biconcave
No nucleus
Lose orgs when mature
Use anaerobic respiration
Flexible skeleton squeeze through capillaries 
Adapted 4 gas transport
Iron binds with 02
Globin binds with co2
5
Q

Hemoglobin structure?

A
2 alpha 2 beta
Heme on each chain
Iron on each heme can bind to o2
125000000 molecules hb/rbc
Each rbc can carry a billion o2
6
Q

Where does hematopoiesis take place?

A

Red bone barrow

  • girdle of axial
  • proxy epiphysis of hum/fem
7
Q

Phases in development of rbc?

A
Hemocytoblast
Proerthroblast
Early erythroblast ribosome synth
Late erythroblast hb synthesis
Normoblast
Reticulocyte - ejection of nucleus
Erythrocyte
8
Q

What stimulates erythropoiesis?

A

Erythropoietin in response to hypoxia

Causes rapid maturation and release of erythrocytes

9
Q

What does erythropoietin require?

A

B12 and follic acid for iron absorption
Iron for heme synthesis
Amino acids for globin synthesis

10
Q

Destruction of RBC?

A
100-120 days
Fragile and hb degenerates
Macrophages in spleen engulf rbc
No nucleus means no repairing
Heme and globin separated
11
Q

The globin of old rbc is used for what?

A

Amino acids use to synthesize new proteins

12
Q

What causes hypoxia

A

Low o2 carrying capacity
O2 levels can’t support norm metabolism
Fatigue paleness shortness of breath chills

13
Q
Types of anemia due to ⬇️ Erythrocyte
Hemorrhagic anemia
Hemolytic anemia
Aplastic anemia 
Lack of epo
A

Loss of blood

Rbc rupture premature

Destruction/inhibition of rbm

Kidney failure

14
Q

Anemia due to low hemoglobin?
Iron deficiency anemia
Pernicious anemia

A

Inadequate diet impaired fe absorb

Lack of insintric factors

15
Q

Anemia due to abnormal hb?
Sickle cell anemia

Thalassemias

A

Hb rigid, defective gene code, sickle shaped can’t pass through capillaries

Absent globin chain
Rbc thin delegate and deficient of hb

16
Q

Polycythemia

A

excessive rbc ⬆️ viscosity

17
Q

Characteristics of leukocytes

A

1% blood volume
Blood for transport
Move out of capillaries by diapedesis
Nucleus

18
Q

Neutrophil

A
Granulocyte
Most numerous
Multilobed
Lilac granules--> hydro lyric enzymes
First responders to infection
Strongly phagocytic
19
Q

Eosinophils

A

Parasitic infections
Weak phagocytize release hydrolytic enzymes
Coarse pink granules
Moderate immune responses

20
Q

Basophils

A

Granulocyte
Rarest
Large purple black granules have histamine–> inflam chem which vasodilator and attracts WBC to inflamed
Release heparin an anticoagulant

21
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Large purple nuclei with rim of blue
Lymphoid tissue/ blood
T cells initiate immune response
B cells produce antibodies

22
Q

Monocytes

A
Largest 
Pale blue cytoplasm
Purple u shaped nuclei
Macrophages that phagocytize invaders
Agranulocyte
23
Q

Leukopoesis?

A
Production of WBC
Stimulated by messengers from marrow and mature WBC
Originate from hemocytoblasts
Lymphoid produces lymphocytes 
Myeloid produces everything else
Lifespan varies
24
Q

Thrombocytes and platelets characteristics

A

Small fragments of megakaryocytes
Formination regulated by thrombopoieten
5-9 days
Initiate hemostasis

25
Q

What do thrombocytes look like?

A

Purple granules out region is blue

26
Q

What do thrombocyte granules contain?

A
Serotonin 
Calcium
Enzymes
Adp
Platelet deceived growth factor