Birth 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What part of second stage does this statement describe; baby is visible, expulsive contractions and active maternal effort?

A

Active second stage

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2
Q

What three ways does the passenger facilitate descent during the second stage?

A
attitude= flexion of the head to reduce diameter
position= ideally occiput anterior
moulding= the fetal skull will mould as ti descends
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3
Q

How often should we document contractions during the second stage?

A

half hourly

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4
Q

During the first stage, we offer vaginal examinations 4 hourly, does this change in the second stage?

A

Yes, offer a VE hourly

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5
Q

How often should we auscultate the fetal heart during the second stage?

A

Immediately after every contraction, for at least 1 min, or every 5 mins.

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6
Q

Describe the mechanism of labour;

A

Descent- gravity and pressure of contractions force baby down into the pelvis
Flexion- baby flex’s head as it reaches the birth canal
Internal rotation of head- occiput reaches pelvic floor, which forces it to rotate
Crowning- head crowns under pubic arch, widest part of babies head is born
Extension- forehead, face and chin pass over the perineum
Restitution- head will turn left or right to align with shoulders
Internal rotation of shoulders- rotate to lie in anterior or posterior position
Lateral flexion- birth of shoulder to folllow the curve of carus

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7
Q

What three things can a midwife do to prevent perineal tears?

A

position, coaching, and speed.

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