Biochemistry Flashcards

1
Q

Chemistry

A

change of molecular properties

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2
Q

Biochemistry

A

study of the molecules that compose living organisms

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3
Q

Metabolism

A

chemical reactions; inside or outside of the body using enzymes

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4
Q

How many elements are on the periodic table

A

118 elements

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5
Q

Human body consist of 24 elements, 6 major, 6 minor, 12 trace elements, 99% of our body consist of the 6 major elements which is …

A
(C) carbon
(H) hydrogen
(O) oxygen
(N) nitrogen
(Ca) calcium
(P) phosporus
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6
Q

Proton

A

in the nucleus; positive charge

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7
Q

Neutron

A

in the nucleus; no charge

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8
Q

Electron

A

located in the electron shell(s) outside of nucleus; negative charge; electrons of higher energy are located farther away from the nucleus.

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9
Q

Valence Electrons

A

electrons in the outermost shell

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10
Q

how many shells can 2nd shell hold

A

2 electrons

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11
Q

How many shells can 3rd and 4th shell hold?

A

8 electrons

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12
Q

2 types of ions

A

1 negative, 1 positive

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13
Q

Ionization

A

atom or molecule becomes an ion and becomes more stable.

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14
Q

Electrolyte

A

is the materials that break down in water and become the electoral currents

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15
Q

Covalent bonds

A

share valence electrons

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16
Q

Double covalent bonds

A

share 2 valence bonds

17
Q

single covalent bond

A

shares 1 valence bond.

18
Q

polarized molecule

A

one single molecules has positive and negative properties.

19
Q

Polar covalent bond

A

covalent bond in polarized molecules

20
Q

Hydrogen bond

A

a bond between polarized molecules

21
Q

Water friendly material= dissolve in water=

A

Hydrophilic

22
Q

Not water friendly material= does not dissolve in water=

A

Hydrophobic

23
Q

Chemical Reaction

A

process in which a covalent . or ionic bond is formed or broken; expressed by a chemical equation
reactants–> (chemical reactions)–> product

24
Q

Decomposition

A

from large to small

25
Q

Synthesis

A

from small to large

26
Q

2 types of chemical reactions

A

chemical bond formed (Synthesis) and bond breaks down (Decomposition)

27
Q

Endergonic

A

energy enters

28
Q

Exergonic

A

energy exits/leaves

29
Q

Catabolism

A

exergonic (energy releasing) decomposition (large to small molecule)

30
Q

Anabolism

A

endergonic ( energy storing) synthesis (small to large molecule)

31
Q

Ways to make a chemical reaction faster

A
  1. increase concentration of reactant.
  2. temperature increases.
  3. catalyst= helper = enzymes
32
Q

Oxidation

A

oxygen added; electrons removed; energy released.

33
Q

Reduction

A

oxygen removed; electrons acepted; energy stored.

34
Q

Define Metabolism

A

chemical reactions in inner/outer body with enzymes

35
Q

List major elements consituting a human body

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogren, calcium, phosphurs

36
Q

A water molecule is formed by the __________ bond between 1 oxygen and 2 hydrogen atoms

A

polar covalent bond

37
Q

Water molecules cling to each other by the _______ bond.

A

hydrogen bond.