Basic Rock Types

Question 1

Name the three basic rock types.

Answer 1

Igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic.

Question 2

Two examples of igneous rocks

Answer 2

Basalt and granite

Question 3

Two examples of sedimentary rocks

Answer 3

Limestone and sandstone

Question 4

Two examples of metamorphic rocks

Answer 4

Slate and marble

Question 5

State briefly what igneous rocks are formed from

Answer 5

Magma underground

Question 6

What is magma above ground called?

Answer 6

Lava

Question 7

Explain the formation of basalt

Answer 7

Magma above ground is called lava, which cools quickly to form tiny crystals called extrusive igneous rock.

Question 8

What is magma?

Answer 8

Melted rock

Question 9

Explain the formation of granite.

Answer 9

Magma underground cools slowly to form large crystals called intrusive igneous rock.

Question 10

What is limestone formed from?

Answer 10

Dead sea creatures

Question 11

What is sandstone formed from?

Answer 11

Sand particles

Question 12

Explain the formation of sedimentary rocks.

Answer 12

1. Small particles of rock or dead sea creatures are deposited on the sea floor as sediment.
2. The sediment builds up in layers.
3. The layers are compressed and compacted under their own weight, turning into rock.

Question 13

Explain how metamorphic rocks are formed.

Answer 13

They are formed from other igneous and sedimentary rocks which are changed by heat or pressure.

Question 14

Limestone under pressure changes to what?

Answer 14

Marble

Question 15

When heated, mudstone changes to what?

Answer 15

Slate