basic organisation of the nervous system Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in basic organisation of the nervous system Deck (11)
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1
Q

what are the divisions of the PNS?

A
  • Somatic PNS
    Controls motor and sensory function of the body wall
  • Autonomic nervous system
    Has Sympathetic and Parasympathetic arms
2
Q

what is the direction of afferent axons?

what is the direction of efferent axons?

A
  • afferent is towards the CNS

- Efferent Axons - away from the CNS

3
Q

what are interneurones?

A

CNS neurons that synapse with other CNS neurons within the brain and spinal cord

4
Q

how are axons packaged into nerves?

A
  • spinal nerves contain both afferent and efferent axons
  • they are bundled into fascicles surrounded by the perineurium
  • the whole nerve is in a tough epineurium capsule
  • induvidual axons are also wrapped in myelin and endoneurium (some are not myelinated)
5
Q

which types of neurones are able to regenerate?

A
  • Axons in the PERIPHERAL NERVES CAN REGENERATE after injury
6
Q

why is the regeneration of CNS neurones not useful?

why is this?

A
  • they cannot regenerate over long distances
  • There are inhibitory molecules in the CNS but not in the PNS
  • there is an absence of guidance cues
  • loss of intrinsic axon growth capabilities by the neurons
7
Q

what does the grey matter and white matter consist of?

A

grey matter = neuronal cell bodies

white matter = ascending and descending axon tracts to and from the brain

8
Q

what does a fast reflex consist of?

A
  • Only need somatic input to the spinal cord and motor outputs from the spinal cord are required
  • the brain is not involved
  • thew sensory and motor neurones must be intact
9
Q

what happens in conscious registering?

A
  • this is when the sensory inputs activate further sensory neurones in the grey matter of the spinal cord which transmit action potentials to the sensorimotor cortex of the brain
10
Q

so what does the white matter of the spinal cord and brainstem contain?

A
  • ascending sensory axon from spinal cord to sensorimotor cortex of the brain
  • descending motor axon tracts from the sensorimotor cortex of the brain to the spinal cord
11
Q

what does the central nervous system consist of?

A

composed of the brain and spinal cord.