Barron's: Chapter 4 - Greek Art Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Barron's: Chapter 4 - Greek Art Deck (59)
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1
Q

Archaic Art

A
  • 600-480 B.C.E.
2
Q

Classical Art

A
  • 480-323 B.C.E.
3
Q

Hellenistic Art

A
  • 320-30 B.C.E.
4
Q

Essential Knowledge

A
  • Greek art is studied chronologically according to changes in style
  • Greeks works are not studied according to dynastic rule, as in Egypt, but according to broad changes in stylistic patters
  • Greek art is most known for its idealization and harmonic proportions, both in sculpture and in architecture
  • Greek art has had an important impact on European art, particularly in the eighteenth century
  • Greek writing contains some of the earliest contemporary accounts about art and artists
  • Epics from the foundation of Greek writing. The texts at first transmitted orally, but later were written down
5
Q

3 ways Greek sculpture stands apart from ones before them

A
  • unafraid of nudity
  • marble sculpture cut away from the stone behind them
  • in the Classical and Hellenistic periods use contrapposto
6
Q

Anavysos Kouros

A
  • 530 B.C.E.
  • marble and paint
  • National Archaeological Museum, Athens
  • Archaic Art
  • Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Idealization
    • Power Figure
    • Staff God
    • Donatello, David
7
Q

Peplos Kore

A
  • 530 B.C.E.
  • marble and paint
  • Acropolis Museum, Athens
  • Archaic Art
    • Winged Victory of Samothrace
    • Seated Boxer
    • Victory Adjusting Her Sandal
8
Q

Polykleitos, Spear Bearer

A
  • 450-440 B.C.E.
  • marble copy from a bronze original
  • National Archaeological Museum, Naples
  • Greek name: Doryphoros
  • Archaic Art-Classical Art
  • Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Human Figure
    • Female Deity from Nukoro
    • Shiva as Lord of Dance
    • Braque, Portugese
9
Q

Helios, Horses and Dionysos

A
  • 438-432 B.C.E.
  • marble
  • British Museum, London
  • classical art; contrapposto
10
Q

Plaque of the Ergastines

A
  • 438-432 B.C.E.
  • marble
  • Louvre, Paris
  • Classical Art
  • Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Relief Sculpture
    • Churning of the Ocean of Milk
    • Coyolxauhqui
    • Lintel 25 of Structure 23 from Yaxchilan
11
Q

Victory Adjusting her Sandal, from the Temple of Athena Nike

A
  • 410 B.C.E.
  • marble
  • Acropolis Museum, Athens
  • Classical Art
  • Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Figure in Motion
    • Shiva as Lord of Dance
    • Nio guardian figure
    • Churning of the Ocean of Milk
12
Q

Grave Stele of Hegeso

A
  • 410 B.C.E.
  • painted marble
  • National Archaeological Museum, Athens
  • Classical Art
  • Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Funerary Markers and Materials
    • Taj Mahal
    • Sarcophagus of the Spouses
    • Tutankhamun’s Tomb
13
Q

Nike of Samothrace

A
  • 190 B.C.E.
  • marble
  • Louvre, Paris
  • Hellenistic Art
  • found in 1863 in situ on Samothrace
  • Cross-Cultural References: Location
    • Smithson, Spiral Jetty
    • Dome of the Rock
    • Lanzon Stela
14
Q

Athena, from the Pergamon Altar

A
  • 175 B.C.E.
  • marble
  • State Museum, Berlin
  • gigantomachy
  • Hellenistic Art
  • Cross-Cultural References: Relief Sculpture
    • Narmer Palette
    • Anthropomorphic Stele
    • Pyxis of al-Mughira
15
Q

Seated Boxer

A
  • 100 B.C.E.
  • bronze
  • National Roman Museum, Rome
  • Rare Hellenistic bronze
  • Hellenistic Art
  • Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Individual vs. Society
    • Goya, And There’s Nothing to Be Done
    • Kirchner, Self-Portrait as a Soldier
    • Munch, The Scream
16
Q

Athenian Agora

A
  • 600-150 B.C.E.
  • Athens, Greece
  • Archaic Art-Classical Art-Hellenistic Art
17
Q

Iktinos and Kallikrates, th Parthenon

A
  • 447-438 B.C.E.
  • Athens, Greece
  • constructed under the leadership of Pericles after the Persian sack of Athens in 480 B.C.E. destroyed the original Acropolis
  • Classical Art
  • Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Classical Influence on Later Buildings
    • Jefferson, Monticello
    • Porta, Il Gesu
    • Venturi, House in New Castle County
18
Q

Kallikrates, Temple of Athena Nike

A
  • 425 B.C.E.
  • Athens, Greece
  • Amphiprostyle: Having four columns in the front and four in the back
  • built to commemorate the Greek victory over the Persians in the Battle of Marathon
  • Classical Art
19
Q

Altar of Zeus and Athena at Pergamon

A
  • 175 B.C.E.
  • marbel
  • State Museum, Berlin
  • Hellenistic Art
20
Q

Niobid Painter, Niobides Krater

A
  • 460-450 B.C.E.
  • clay
  • Louvre, Paris
  • Found in Orvieto, Italy
  • Classical Art
  • Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Ceramics
    • Beaker with ibex motifs
    • The David Vases
    • Martinez, Black-on-black ceramic vessel
21
Q

Alexander Mosaic from the House of Faun

A
  • 310 B.C.E.
  • Roman copy of 100 B.C.E.
  • mosaic
  • National Archaeological Museum, Naples
  • Classical Art
  • Cross-Cultural Comparisons: Battle and Glory
    • Narmer Palette
    • Bayeux Tapestry
    • Delacroix, Liberty Leading the People
22
Q

acropolis

A
  • literally, a “high city,”a Greek temple complex built on a hill over a city
23
Q

agora

A
  • a public plaza in a Greek city where commercial, religious, and societal activities are conducted
24
Q

amphiprostyle

A
  • having four columns in the front and rear of a temple
25
Q

amphora

A
  • a two-handled ancient Greek storage jar
26
Q

architrave

A
  • a plain, unornamented lintel on the entablature
27
Q

Athena

A
  • Greek goddess of war and wisdom; patron of Athens
28
Q

canon

A
  • a body or rules or laws; in Greek art, the ideal mathematical proportion of a figure
29
Q

caryatid (male: atlantid)

A
  • a building column that is shaped like a female figure
30
Q

contrapposto

A
  • graceful arrangement of the body based on tilted shoulders and hips and bent knees
31
Q

Corinthian

A
  • an order of ancient Greek architecture similar to the Ionic, except that the capitals are carved in ties or leaves
32
Q

cornice

A
  • a projecting ledge over a wall
33
Q

doric

A
  • an order of ancient Greek architecture that features grooved columns with no grooved bases and an upper story with square sculpture called metopes
34
Q

entablature

A
  • the upper story of a Greek temple
35
Q

frieze

A
  • a horizontal band of sculpture
36
Q

gigantomachy

A
  • a mythical ancient Greek war between giants and the Olympian gods
37
Q

in situ

A
  • a latin expression that means that something is in its original location
38
Q

ionic

A
  • an order of Greek architecture that features columns with scrolled capitals and an upper stoyr with sculpture that are in friezes
39
Q

isocephalism

A
  • the tradition of depicting heads of figures on the same level
40
Q

kiln

A
  • an oven used for making pottery
41
Q

kouros (female: kore)

A
  • an archaic Greek sculpture of a standing youth
42
Q

krater

A
  • a large ancient Greek bowl used for making water and wine
43
Q

metope

A
  • a small relief sculpture on the facade of a Greek temple
44
Q

mosaic

A
  • a decoration using pieces of stone, marble, or colored glass called tesserae, that are cemented to a wall or a floor
45
Q

nike

A
  • ancient Greek goddess of victory
46
Q

Niobe

A
  • the model of a grieving mother; after boasting of her twelve children, jealous gods killed them
47
Q

Panathenaic way

A
  • a ceremonial road for a procession built to honor Athena during a festival
48
Q

pediment

A
  • the triangular top of a temple that contains sculpture
49
Q

peplos

A
  • a garment worn by women in ancient Greece, usually full length and tied at the waist
50
Q

peristyle

A
  • a colonnade surrounding a building or enclosing a courtyard
51
Q

portico

A
  • an entrance way to a building having columns supporting a roof
52
Q

propylaeum (plural: proplaea)

A
  • a gateway leading to a Greek temple
53
Q

relief sculpture

A
  • sculpture that projects form a flat background
54
Q

shaft

A
  • the body of a column
55
Q

stele (plural: stelae)

A
  • an upright stone slab used to mark a grave or site
56
Q

stoa

A
  • an ancient Greek covered walkway having columns on one side and a wall on the other
57
Q

tholos

A
  • an ancient Greek circular shrine
58
Q

triglyph

A
  • a projecting grooved element alternating with a metope on a Greek temple
59
Q

Zeus

A
  • king of the ancient Greek gods; known as Jupiter to the Romans; god of the sky and weather

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