Barron's: Chapter 13 - Treatment of Psychological Disorders Flashcards
1
Q
Trephining
A
- an operation performed since Stone Age times (though far less frequently these days) in which a circular section of the skull is carved away, leaving a hole in the skull.
2
Q
Deinstitutionalization
A
- the process of replacing long-stay psychiatric hospitals with less isolated community mental health services for those diagnosed with a mental disorder or developmental disability.
3
Q
Prevention
A
- used to reduce the incidence of societal problems, such as joblessness or homelessness
4
Q
Psychotherapy
A
- largely consists of talking to a psychologist
5
Q
Psychoanalysis
A
- a patient would lie on a couch while the therapist sits in a chair out of the patient’s line of vision
6
Q
Free association
A
- to say whatever comes to mind without thinking
7
Q
Dream analysis
A
- patients describe their dreams
8
Q
Manifest content
A
- the dream itself as it is remembered
9
Q
Latent content
A
- the hidden psychological meaning of the dream
10
Q
Resistance
A
- patients disagree with their therapists’ interpretations
11
Q
Transference
A
- the redirection to a substitute, usually a therapist, of emotions that were originally felt in childhood
12
Q
Insight therapies
A
- a technique which assumes that a person’s behavior, thoughts, and emotions become disordered as a result of the individual’s lack of understanding as to what motivates him or her, such as unresolved old conflicts or beliefs.
13
Q
Humanistic therapies
A
- used help the client develop a stronger, healthier sense of self, as well as access and understand their feelings to help gain a sense of meaning in life.
14
Q
Client or person-centered therapy
A
- a counseling approach that requires the client to take an active role in his or her treatment with the therapist being nondirective and supportive.
15
Q
Unconditional positive regard
A
- a concept developed by the humanistic psychologist Carl Rogers, is the basic acceptance and support of a person regardless of what the person says or does, especially in the context of client-centered therapy.
16
Q
Active or reflective listening
A
- a communication strategy involving two key steps: seeking to understand a speaker’s idea, then offering the idea back to the speaker, to confirm the idea has been understood correctly.
17
Q
Gestalt therapy
A
- a psychotherapeutic approach developed by Fritz Perls (1893–1970). It focuses on insight into gestalts in patients and their relations to the world, and often uses role playing to aid the resolution of past conflicts.
18
Q
Existential therapies
A
- a philosophical method of therapy that operates on the belief that inner conflict within a person is due to that individual’s confrontation with the givens of existence.
19
Q
Behaviorist therapies
A
- its premise is that all behavior is learned; faulty learning (i.e. conditioning) is the cause of abnormal behavior. Therefore the individual has to learn the correct or acceptable behavior.
