B4 Infection and Immunity Flashcards Preview

Phase I Medicine > B4 Infection and Immunity > Flashcards

Flashcards in B4 Infection and Immunity Deck (19)
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1
Q

What is the consequence of a patient getting the wrong blood type during a transfusion?

A

Acute haemolytic reaction

2
Q

What is an acute haemolytic reaction?

A

Circulating antibodies bind to RBCs and cause agglutination

3
Q

What antibodies are responsible for targeting non-present ABO antigens?

A

IgM (Naturally occuring)

4
Q

Which white blood cells are phagocytic?

A

Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Basophils
Monocytes

5
Q

What percentage of white blood cells do neutrophils occupy?

A

70%

6
Q

What is the lifespan of neutrophils?

A

5.4 days

7
Q

At the site of inflammation, what is the lifespan of neutrophils?

A

1-2 days

8
Q

Other than phagocytosis, how else do neutrophils kill pathogens?

A

Releasing granules containing toxic components

9
Q

What are the main signs of inflammation?

A

Heat
Redness
Swelling
Pain

10
Q

What is the term used to describe a matured neutrophil?

A

Segmented

11
Q

What is responsible for connecting the lobules in a neutrophil?

A

Chromatin

12
Q

How can neutrophilic bands be identified?

A

The nuclei are horseshoe or drumstick shaped

13
Q

What are neutrophilic bands?

A

Immature neutrophils - a step away from becoming mature

14
Q

What is the term used to describe a cell that has a kidney shaped nucleus but is not capable of division?

A

Neutrophilic metamyelocyte

15
Q

What is a neutrophilic myelocyte?

A

A cell arising from progranulocytes

Contains differentiated granules and a nucleus with compact chromatin

16
Q

What is another name for a progranulocyte?

A

Promyelocyte

17
Q

What is a progranulocyte?

A

The first product of myeloblast differentiation

18
Q

What are the properties of promyelocytes?

A

Large cells
Rounded nuclei
Basophilic cytoplasm with azurophilic granules

19
Q

How much of marrow cells do promyelocytes represent?

A

4%