B2.1 Cells Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in B2.1 Cells Deck (22)
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1
Q

What organelle in the cell respires?

A

Mitochondrion.

2
Q

What organelle in the animal cell makes proteins?

A

Ribosomes.

3
Q

Name one organelle found exclusively in a plant cell.

A

Permanent Vacuole/Chloroplasts/Cell Wall.

4
Q

What is the function of the nucleus?

A

Contains a cell’s genetic information/regulates activity in the cell.

5
Q

What is the function of a cell wall?

A

To support and strengthen the cell’s structure.

6
Q

What do plant and animal cells use cytoplasm for?

A

A gel-like substance where most chemical reactions using enzymes take place.

7
Q

What organelle controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell?

A

Cell membrane.

8
Q

What is the function of chloroplasts?

A

They are where photosynthesis occurs, which makes food for the plant. The contain the green pigment ‘chlorophyll’..

9
Q

How are palisade cells adapted for photosynthesis?

A

They contain lots of chloroplasts.

10
Q

Animal cells do not contain chloroplasts. Explain why.

A

Animal cells do not contain chloroplasts because animals do not photosynthesise. This means chloroplasts would be useless in an animal cell, so they therefore do not contain them.

11
Q

What does the permanent vacuole in a plant cell contain?

A

Cell sap, a weak solution of sugar and salts.

12
Q

What is yeast and what does it’s cell contain?

A

Yeast is a single celled microorganism. It contains a nucleus, cytoplasm, and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall.

13
Q

Describe a bacteria cell.

A

Bacteria is a single celled microorganism. They contain a cytoplasm and a cell membrane surrounded by a cell wall. The genetic material floats in the cytoplasm because because bacterial cells contain NO NUCLEUS.

14
Q

State and describe the 3 factors that affect diffusion.

A

1) Distance: the shorter this is the quicker the rate of diffusion.
2) Concentration: the bigger the gradient of concentration the faster the rate of diffusion.
3) Surface area: the bigger this is the faster the rate of diffusion because the distance for the particles to travel is greater.

15
Q

List the things that can diffuse across a cell membrane.

A

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water and ions.

16
Q

Define ‘diffusion’.

A

The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

17
Q

Define nucleus

A

Nucleus - contains genetic material which controls the activities of the cell

18
Q

Define cytoplasm

A

Cytoplasm - most chemical processes take place here controlled by enzymes

19
Q

Define the purpose of the cell membrane

A

Cell membrane - controls the movement of substances into and out of the cell

20
Q

Define mitochondria

A

Mitochondria - most energy is released by respiration here

21
Q

Define ribsome

A

Ribsome - protein synthesis happens here

22
Q

Which organelle keeps a plant cell structure the same and keeps it rigid?

A

Cell wall