Augustines teaching on Human nature Flashcards

1
Q

Based on which biblical chapters

A

Romans 7 and Genesis 3

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2
Q

The will is driven by two types of love:

A

Cupiditas (self love - impermanent, selfish, lust) and Caritas (generous love - of others)

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3
Q

Before the fall….

A

Humans enjoyed harmony in relationship with God, eachover and the natural world. The will is united; cupiditas and caritas were in harmony

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4
Q

Concordia

A

Augustine valued friendship as the highest expression if human existence

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5
Q

The fall

A

is a pivotal moment in history describing the first sin of Adam and Eve. The fall turns around the God given order seen in Eden and cupiditas separates from Caritas

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6
Q

After the fall

A

cupiditas is now in control. The will is ‘half wounded’ and ‘divided’

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7
Q

Original Sin

A

Human nature now becomes tainted and corrupt. Original sin contaminates everyone from birth. Like an inherited disease

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8
Q

concupiscence

A

Humans now struggle with concupiscence (this means sexual lust but is also used to refer to uncontrolled desires, lusts, cravings for food, power and money)

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9
Q

How is original sin passed on?

A

through the sexual act. Since every act of sex is tainted with concupiscence, every human is born ‘in sin’.

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10
Q

Free will

A

Humans have free will to choose between good and evil. But it is like a faulty scale, which are weighted - there is always a greater tendency to choose evil. No one is born good or can truly be good

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11
Q

society

A

due to original sin, there is a lack of stability and corruption in all human societies.

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12
Q

Grace

A

is Gods free and undeserved love for humanity, shown by the sacrifice of Jesus on the cross

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13
Q

God’s generous love

A

can heal the damaged will and restore the human relationships with God through Grace alone

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14
Q

Genesis can be interpreted as a myth and has not go to be taken literally

A

genesis 3 can be interpreted symbolically - the story contains truth about humans and their relationships with God and the world; a symbolic moment when a person realises their situation and begins their spiritual journey

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15
Q

evolutionary biology

A

the fall goes against evolutionary biology

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16
Q

Moral argument

A

it seems unfair that God is punishing all humans for the mistakes of their ancestors

17
Q

Omniscience

A

did God know humans would give into their temptation so easily

18
Q

Pelagius

A

argues human nature is not flawed. Sin must be freely chosen than inherited. Humans are only responsible for their own sin are are not tainted with sin from Adam and Eve

19
Q

Rousseau

A

‘man is born free and everywhere he is in chains’ - He thought humans were naturally generous and only act otherwise depending on the situation. Humans purpose was to break the chains by learning to appreciate one another

20
Q

Steven Pinker

A

the humanitarian principle says that humans get on better when they take into account the interests of others

21
Q

John Paul Satre

A

‘there is no human nature’. All humans have the capacity to make their own essence through the choices they make

22
Q

T.Hobbes

A

‘the life of man, solitary, poor, nasty, brutish and short’. Humans are naturally selfish and animal like; but using reason to cooperate with others makes life tolerable

23
Q

Reinhold Niebuhr

A

no actions can ever be entirely good. The inner will is defeated by egoism and self interest. Human ego must encounter the divine

24
Q

The second Vatican council

A

talks about human nature being split, constantly struggling between good and evil and incapable of saving itself. Emphasises the importance of Christ in bringing freedom and renewal