ATP synthesis (Proton Motive Force) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in ATP synthesis (Proton Motive Force) Deck (20)
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1
Q

F0 of ATP synthase associated with ___, F1 associated with ___

A

inner membrane; matrix

2
Q

there are ___ units in A, __ units in B, ____ in C

A

1; 2; 8-15

3
Q

which subunits move around?

A

c subunits (100 rev/sec), epsilon, gamma

4
Q

there are __ alpha and __ beta

A

3;3

5
Q

beta subunits can exist in these three diff conformations:

A

open (nucleotides can bind/release), loose (nucleotides trapped), tight (ATP synthesized)

6
Q

what is the role of alpha subunits?

A

just structure support, not make ATP

7
Q

ETC and ATP synthesis are ___

A

coupled

8
Q

what does dinitrophenol do?

A

makes holes in membrane so ETC works but disrupt proton gradient, uncoupling ETC from ATP synthesis (no phosphorylation)

9
Q

what is the glycerol-3-P shuttle?

A

DHAP is reduced by NADH and H in cytosol to become GAP, then GAP is oxidized to DHAP by FAD prosthetic group in mitochondrial GAP dehydrogenase, FADH2 is oxidized to FAD again by turning Q to QH2

10
Q

lose __ ATP in GAP shuttle

A

1

11
Q

transfer of amino groups causes oxaloacetate to become ____ and glutamate to become ____ in the ____

A

aspartate; alphaketoglutarate; mitochondria

12
Q

is any energy lost in the malate aspartate shuttle?

A

NO

13
Q

______ exchanges ATP and ADP as antiporter; ______ is a symporter that transports H and H2PO4

A

adenine nucleotide translocase; phophate translocase

14
Q

what are agents that interfere w/ ox phosphorylation?

A

rotenone amytal, antimycin A, CN- and CO, oligomycin, DNP, thermogenin, bongkrekic acid, atracetyloside

15
Q

what inhibits ATP synthase?

A

oligomycin (inhibits Fo)

16
Q

what causes uncoupling of phosphorylation from ETC?

A

DNP and thermogenin (hydrophobic proton carrier forms proton conducting pores)

17
Q

what causes inhibition of ATP-ADP exchange?

A
Bongkrekic acid (antibiotic from mold), atracetyloside
-->they inhibit adenine nucleotide translocase
18
Q

regulated uncoupling leads to generation of ___, called ________

A

heat; nonshivering thermogenesis

19
Q

uncoupling occurs in the mitochondria of ______

A

brown adipose tissue

20
Q

another name for UCP-1?

A

thermogenin