Approach to Infectious Disease Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Approach to Infectious Disease Lecture Powerpoint Deck (15)
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1
Q

How has sickle cell become an evolution to protect against malaria (plasmodium falciparum)?

A

The altered shape gives a natural resistance from Malaria’s function of manipulating and reshapes proteins on the surface of cells to stick to capillaries of brain and organs

2
Q

Pathogen

A

ANY microorganism capable of causing disease

3
Q

Disease

A

Upset in homeostasis of the host, reulting in generation of observable changes

4
Q

Normal flora functions

A
  • Prevent colonization by pathogens for competing for attachment
  • Excrete vitamins in excess of their own needs for absorption by the host
  • kill pathogen pathogens through released factors
5
Q

Opportunistic infeection

A

Microorganisms that may or may not cause disease generally colonize but do not infect the host unless they are introduced to an area they are not normally found or in an immunocompromised host

6
Q

Community acquired infection

A

Infeciton acquired outside of a healthcare setting, usually more antibiotic sensitive

7
Q

Nosocomial infection

A

Hospital acquired infection, often resistant to antibiotics

8
Q

Virulence

A

Measure of pathogenicity, ability to cause disease

9
Q

Endemic

A

Disease maintained in population with predictable regularity

10
Q

Epidemic

A

Disease cases exceed expected number in given period of time

11
Q

7 criteria to be pathogenic

A

1) able to enter host
2) abe to adhere to host
3) able to acquire nutrients
4) able to circumvent immune system
5) able to replicate
6) able to disseminate throughout host
7) transmissible to new host

12
Q

PMH for ID

A
  • Ask about current medications such as corticosteroids, TNF inhibitors, immunosuppressants
  • chronic disease (think diabetes)
  • Origin of birth (vaccines they need)
13
Q

Standard precautions

A

Set of precautions to take in every medical encounter to avoid the spread of blood borne pathogens by assuming all are infected with HIV

14
Q

Annual seasonal flu vaccines may provide…

A

…some level of protection against novel flu viruses

15
Q

Vector

A

Agent who carries pathogen from one organism to another