AP Human Geo: Chapter 12 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in AP Human Geo: Chapter 12 Deck (22)
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1
Q
  1. Basic Industries
A

Industries that sell their products or services primarily to consumers outside the settlement.

2
Q
  1. Business Services
A

Services that primarily meet the needs of other businesses, including professional, financial, and transportation services.

3
Q
  1. Central Place
A

A market center for the exchange of services by people attracted from the surrounding area.

4
Q
  1. Central Place Theory
A

A theory that explains the distribution of services based on the fact that settlements serve as center of market areas for services; larger settlements are fewer and farther apart than smaller settlements and provide services for a larger number of people who are willing to travel farther.

5
Q
  1. City-State
A

A sovereign state compromising a city and its immediate surrounding countryside.

6
Q
  1. Clustered Rural Settlement
A

A rural settlement in which the houses and farm building of each family are situated close to each other, with fields surrounding the settlement.

7
Q
  1. Consumer Services
A

Business that provide services primarily to individual consumers, including retail services and education, health, and leisure services.

8
Q
  1. Dispersed Rural Settlement
A

A rural settlement pattern characterized by isolated farms rather than clustered villages.

9
Q
  1. Economic Base
A

A community’s collection of basic industries.

10
Q
  1. Enclosure Movement
A

The process of consolidating small landholdings into smaller number of larger farms in England during the eighteenth century.

11
Q
  1. Gravity Model
A

A model which holds that the potential use of a service at a particular location is directly related to the number of people in a location and inversely related to the distance people must travel to reach the service.

12
Q
  1. Market Area (or Hinterland)
A

The area surrounding a central place from which people are attracted to use the place’s goods and service.

13
Q
  1. Nonbasic Industries
A

Industries that sell their products primarily to consumers in the community.

14
Q
  1. Primate City
A

The largest settlement in the country, if it has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement.

15
Q
  1. Primate City Rule
A

A pattern of settlements in a country such that the largest settlement has more than twice as many people as the second-ranking settlement.

16
Q
  1. Public Services
A

Services offered by the government to provide security and protection for citizens and businesses.

17
Q
  1. Range (of Services)
A

The maximum distance people are willing to travel to use a service.

18
Q
  1. Rank-size Rule
A

A pattern of settlements in a country such that the nth largest settlement is 1/n the population of the largest settlement.

19
Q
  1. Service
A

An activity that fulfills a human want or need and returns money to those who provide it.

20
Q
  1. Settlement
A

A permanent collection of buildings and inhabitants.

21
Q
  1. Threshhold
A

The maximum number of people needed to support a service.

22
Q
  1. Urbanization
A

An increase in the percentage of the number of people living in urban settlements.