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Pharmacotherapeutics > Antianginal Drugs > Flashcards

Antianginal Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Number One Cause of Chest Pain

A

Atherosclerosis

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2
Q

Chronic Stable Angina

A

Angina without MI

Aggravated by stress or activity

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3
Q

Unstable Angina

A

Precursor to MI

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4
Q

Vasospastic Angina

A

Spasms in coronary arteries, no underlying coronary artery disease

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5
Q

Nitrates and Nitrites

A

Cause vasodilation because of relaxation of smooth muscles

Potent dilating effect on coronary arteries

Used for the prevention and treatment of angina

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6
Q

Nitroglycerin

A

Large first-pass effect with oral forms

Used for symptomatic treatment of ischemic heart conditions

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7
Q

Adverse Effects of Nitrates

A

HEADACHES
POSTURAL HYPOTENSION
Reflex tachycardia

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8
Q

Beta Blockers

A

Mainstay in the treatment of angina, MI, hypertension, and atrial dysrhythmias

Work to decrease heart rate to decrease myocardial oxygen demand and decrease contractility to conserve energy

BLOCK THE HARMFUL EFFECTS OF CATECHOLAMINES, THUS IMPROVING SURVIVAL AFTER AN MI

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9
Q

Adverse Effects of Beta Blockers

A

BRADYCARDIA, WHEEZING, masks low blood sugar, insomnia, depression

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10
Q

Diltiazem (Cardizem)

A

Calcium channel blocker

Very effective for the treatment of angina pectoris resulting from coronary insufficiency and hypertension

Used in the treatment of atrial fibrillation and flutter and paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia

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11
Q

Indications for Calcium Channel Blockers

A 
Angina
Hypertension
CORONARY ARTERY SPASMS (PRINZMETAL ANGINA)
Migraine headaches
Raynaud's disease
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12
Q

Adverse Effects of Calcium Channel Blockers

A

Primarily related to overexpression of their therapeutic effects

May cause hypotension, palpitations, tachycardia or bradycardia, constipation, nausea, dyspnea

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13
Q

Nursing Implications

A

Perform a COMPLETE HEALTH HISTORY to check for contraindications

Obtain BASELINE VITAL SIGNS including RESPIRATORY patterns and rate

Nitroglycerin should always be clear; potency is lost in 3 MONTHS

BURNING SENSATION is felt with sublingual nitroglycerin

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14
Q

Metaprolol

A

Antianginal beta blocker

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15
Q

Verapamil

A

Calcium channel blocker

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16
Q

If anginal pain occurs…

A
  1. Stop activity and sit or lie down, and take a sublingual tablet
  2. IF NO RELIEF IN 5 MINUTES, CALL 911 and take a SECOND sublingual tablet
  3. If no relief in 5 minutes, take a THIRD sublingual tablet

DO NOT try to drive to the hospital

Pharmacotherapeutics (37 decks)

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