Anthropology And Odontology Flashcards Preview

(S1/Y1) CHE103 - Introduction To Forensics > Anthropology And Odontology > Flashcards

Flashcards in Anthropology And Odontology Deck (13)
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1
Q

Define the term ‘Taphonomy’

A

The study of what happens to an organism from the time it dies until the time it ends up in the laboratory

2
Q

What are the 2 ways of identifying change through morphological change?

A

PUBIC SYMPHYSIS - junction bridged by cartilage (10 phases per age)

AURICULAR SURFACE - ilium attaches to the sacrum (bone becomes smooth with age)

3
Q

What are the 2 ways to determine the sex of remains?

A

PELVIS - male = large/rugged and female = small/gracile

                1. Sciatic notch (m = narrow) (f = wide) 
                2. Phenice model 
                       - ventral arc (m = NA) (f = present) 
                       - subpubic concavity (m = narrow) (f = wide) 
                       - ischiopubic ramus (m = thin) (f = wide) 

CRANIUM - m = large with large muscle attachment and f = smaller with small muscle attachment

4
Q

What are the 4 components of a biological profile?

A
  1. Sex
  2. Age at death
  3. Race
  4. Height
5
Q

What are the 4 components of the skeletal anatomy?

A

CRANIAL - skull only

POSTCRANIAL - everything below the skull

AXIAL - vertebrae, ribs and sternum

APPENDICULAR - upper limb bones or lower limb bones (excluding the pelvis)

6
Q

Describe the 4 parts of the bone microstructure

A

OSTEOBLASTS - specialised growth cells that produce bone

LACUNAE - encapsulated osteoblasts

OSTEON - fully encapsulated osteoblasts

OSTEOCLASTS - actively breaks down and remodels bone when required

7
Q

What are the 3 structures within a long bone?

A

CORTICAL BONE - outer layer, hard, smooth and compact

TRABECULAR BONE - inner layer, sponge-like bone and increases strength without added weight

MARROW - very centre in medullary cavity, fatty material creating blood cells

8
Q

Define the term ‘Paleoanthropology’

A

The biological study of past human populations

9
Q

Define the term ‘Bioanthropology’

A

The biological study of current human populations

10
Q

Define the term ‘Archeology’

A

The study of past human cultures

11
Q

Define the term ‘Ethnology’

A

The study of current human cultures

12
Q

Define the term ‘Anthropology’

A

Study of humans, cultures and biology

13
Q

Define the term ‘Forensic anthropology’

A

Application of the study of humans to legal or public concern