Animal Biodiversity - Nuha Ebrahim Flashcards Preview

Grade 11-C Study Group > Animal Biodiversity - Nuha Ebrahim > Flashcards

Flashcards in Animal Biodiversity - Nuha Ebrahim Deck (24)
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1
Q

What is an invertebrate?

A

An organism without a vertebral column

2
Q

What is a vertebrate?

A

An organism that has a vertebral column

3
Q

What are true tissues?

A

A group of specialised cells

4
Q

What is a cellular level of organisation?

A

Classification of organisms that do not have true tissues

E.g. Sponges

5
Q

What is a tissue level of organisation?

A

Classification of organisms that have true tissues

E.g. Humans

6
Q

Name the basic plans used to classify animal phyla

A

> Symmetry and cephalisation
Number of tissue layers
Absence or presence of coelom
Number of openings in the digestive tract

7
Q

What is asymmetry?

A

No symmetry

E.g. Sponge

8
Q

Name and explain the 2 types of symmetry

A

> Radial Symmetry - type of symmetry where an organism can be cut into multiple vertical planes through the centre and obtain 2 mirror images.
E.g. Sea urchin

> Bilateral Symmetry - type of symmetry where an organism can only be cut through one central plane and obtain 2 mirror images.
E.g. Humans

9
Q

What is cephalisation?

A

The concentration of nerve cells at the anterior edge of the body. It is associated with bilateral symmetry.

10
Q

What is a diploblastic organism?

A

An organism with 2 germ (tissue) layers
> endoderm (inner)
> ectoderm (outer)

11
Q

What is a triploblastic organism?

A

An organism with 3 germ (tissue) layers
> endoderm (inner)
> ectoderm (outer)
> mesoderm (middle)

12
Q

What does acoelomate mean?

A
No cavity (coelom) in the mesoderm 
E.g. Flatworm
13
Q

What does pseudocoelomate mean?

A

Has a coelom, but it is not a true coelom because it is not entirely surrounded by the mesoderm.
E.g. Roundworm

14
Q

What does coelomate mean?

A

Has a cavity (coelom) in the mesoderm

E.g. Moluscs

15
Q

What is the purpose of a blood system?

A

> Transports gases
Transports digested nutrients
Transports waste (excretory system)

16
Q

What is a through-gut?

A

A separate opening for the mouth and anus

17
Q

What are the advantages of a through-gut?

A

> The incoming and outgoing do not mix

> It’s specialised areas make it more efficient

18
Q

What are the 3 types of skeletons?

A

> Hydrostastic (e.g. worms)
Exoskeleton (e.g. ladybird)
Endoskeleton (e.g. humans)

19
Q

Name the body plans associated with the phylum Porifera

A

> Multicellular
Cellular level of organisation
E.g. sponges

20
Q

Name the body plans associated with the phylum Cnidaria

A

> True tissues
Radial symmetry
Diploblastic
E.g. Jellyfish, blue bottles, anemones

21
Q

Name the body plans associated with the phylum Arthropoda

A
> True tissues
> Bilateral symmetry and cephalisation
> Tripoblastic
> Coelomate and through-gut
> Blood system
> Exoskeleton
E.g. Crab, tick, ladybird
22
Q

Name the body plans associated with the phylum Chordata

A
> True tissues
> Bilateral symmetry and cephalisation
> Tripoblastic
> Coelomate and through-gut
> Endodskeleton
> Blood system
E.g. Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles, Birds, Mammals
23
Q

Name the body plans associated with the phylum Platyhelminthes

A
> True tissues
> Bilateral symmetry and cephalisation
> Tripoblastic
> Acoelomate
E.g. tapeworms and flatworms
24
Q

Name the body plans associated with the phylum Annelida

A
> True tissues
> Bilateral symmetry and cephalisation
> Tripoblastic
> Coelomate and through-gut
> Blood system
E.g. Earthworms and leeches