Amino Acids & Proteins Flashcards Preview

IPAP BioChemistry Chance > Amino Acids & Proteins > Flashcards

Flashcards in Amino Acids & Proteins Deck (25)
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1
Q

Hydrophobic

A

Fearful of water

2
Q

Hydrophilic

A

Attracted to water

3
Q

Name the Hydrophobic Amino Acids

A

Glycine, Alanine, Valine, Leuicine, Isoleucine, Phenyalanine, Tryptophan

4
Q

Name the Hydrophilic Amino Acids

A

Serine, Threonine, Asparagine, Glutamine `

5
Q

Define Charged Amino Acids

A

Either positively or negatively charged these amino acids like to be at the surface of a folded protein to interact with other charged atoms/molecules

6
Q

Name the Charged Amino Acids

A

Tyrosine, Aspartic Acid, Glutamic Acid, Lysine, Arginine

7
Q

Name the Special Amino Acids and whats special about them

A

Proline- Conducts a beta turn on its amide group

Cysteine- creates disulfide bonds

Methionine- simple sulfer atom

Histidine- can maintain 4 separate structures at different pHs

8
Q

Explain what happens to the structure of Histidine

A

Below pH 1.8- Normal
Between 1.8-6.0- Loss of Hydrogen on Carbonyl
Between 6.0-9.3- Loss of Hydrogen of Phenyl aminde
Above 9.3- Loss of Electron on base

9
Q

DNA and RNA Amino Acid Source

A

Glycine, Glutamine, Aspartate

10
Q

Dopamine, Norepinephrine, Epi

A

Role: Neurotransmitter

Tyrosine

11
Q

Serotonin

A

Role: Neurotransmitter

Trptophan

12
Q

Histamine

A

Role: Blood vessels dilation/allergic response

Histidine

13
Q

Herne/Porphyrins

A

Role: Hemoglobin/Myoglobin, metabolic molecules

Glycine

14
Q

Thyroxin

A

Role: Thyroid Horomone

Tyrosine

15
Q

Spingosine

A

Role: Spingosine

Serine

16
Q

Melanin

A

Role: Skin Pigment

Tyrosine

17
Q

NAD+

A

Role: Coenzyme

Tryptophan, Glycine

18
Q

Glutathione

A

Role: Anti-Oxidant (Sulfer)

Glutamate, cysteine, glycine

19
Q

Nitrous Oxide (NO)

A

Role: Signaling Molecule

Arginine

20
Q

How do Peptide bonds link to form polypeptide chains?

A

Linking the carboxyl group of one amino acid to amino group of the next amino acid

21
Q

Explain B-Sheets

A

Secondary structure that are pleasted that maximize hydrogen bonding

22
Q

What amino acids make up the structural components of a triple helix?

A

Proline, Glycine, hydroxyl protein

23
Q

What are the characteristics and cause of Osteogenesis Imperfects?

A

AKA Brittle Bone Disease, collagen containing tissues are affected, point mutations that cause collagen to destabilize/alter

24
Q

Scurvy

A
  • Deficency of Vitamin C (absorbic Acid)

- Required cofactor for hydroxylation of prolines/lysines, that stabalize triple helix

25
Q

What is the difference between Myoglobin and Hemoglobin?

A

Myoglobin (1 O2 binding Site)

Hemoglobin (4 O2 binding sites)