Adult/Infant respiratory distress syndrome Flashcards
What is ARDS
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
• acute respiratory failure with severe hypoxemia - result of pulmonary or systemic problem
What is the pathology of ARDS
lung injury characterized by increased permeability on alveolar capillary membrane
- leakage of fluid and blood into lung interstitium + alveoli
ARDS Causes
o severe trauma
o aspiration
o embolism
o indirect - secondary to viral infection or pneumonia
Result of ARDS
- INFLAMMATORY reaction
- alveolar edema and collapse
- Chest XRay: KEY feature = WHITE out
ARDS Rx
- PEEP: keeps airways open
- tackle underlying cause
- PRONE position
What is SARS
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome
• viral respiratory illness - caused by SARS coronavirus
SARS S&S
Flu-like: fever, myalgia, cough, sore throat, lethargy
SARS result
Can lead to pneumonia
What is a lung abscess
Infection leading to necrosis of lung tissue and cavity formation with necrotic debris
Lung abscess cause
gross aspiration of bacteria (ie. intoxication) - body tries to localize with wall of tissue
what is IRDS? Who does it occur in?
INFANT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME
- occurs in infants whose lungs have not fully developed
IRDS key feature
Lack surfactant: helps lungs inflate with air and keeps the sacs from collapsing
IRDS Risk Factors
- Prematurity
- C-section
- multiple pregnancies
- blue baby
- stops breathing, grunts
IRDS Rx
Deliver artificial surfactant
What is Hypoxemic respiratory failure
Gas exchange failure: arterial hypoxemia = decreased blood O2, no increase in CO2
