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Pharmacology > Adrenergic Drugs II > Flashcards

Adrenergic Drugs II Flashcards

1
Q

non selective alpha adrenergic blocker

A

phenoxybenzamine, phentolamine,

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2
Q

drugs used to treat pheochromocytoma

A

phenoxybenzamine and phentolamine

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3
Q

what drug should be given alongside phenoxybenzamine

A

beta blocker since alpha blocker phenoxybenzamine can cause tachycardia but make sure not to give beta blocker until alpha blockade has been established so as not to have increased vasoconstriction due to unopposed beta blocker

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4
Q

adverse effects of phenoxybenzamine

A

postural hypotension, nasal stuffiness, nausea, vomiting

inhibit ejaculation

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5
Q

what does phentolamine block

A

alpha 1 and alpha 2 blocker

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6
Q

type of patient is phentolamine contraindicated in

A

those with decreased coronary perfusion

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7
Q

what is phentolamine used for

A
  • pheochromocytoma (and for its diagnosis)
  • prevention of dermal necrosis
  • hypertensive crisis in general
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8
Q

alpha 1 selective adrenergic blockers

A

prazosin, terazosin, doxazosin, tamsulosin,

TT DP

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9
Q

what is prasozin used to treat

A

hypertension because it causes relaxation of both arterial and venous SM

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10
Q

what are terazosin and doxazosin used for

A

tx of hypertension and BPH

they have longer half life so require less frequent dosing

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11
Q

what receptor is tamsulosin selective for and its importance

A

alpha 1A receptor antagonist

which is specific for genitourinary tract

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12
Q

main use of tamsulosin

A

treatment of BPH (urinary retention) because of its specificity as an alpha 1A receptor blocker

not very helpful treating hypertension

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13
Q

alpha 2 selective blocker

A

yohimbine

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14
Q

what is yohimbine used for

A

to treat antihypertensive effects of alpha 2 agonist clonidine (was used to treat erectile dysfunction)

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15
Q

non selective beta antagonist

A

propanolol, timolol, and nadolol

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16
Q

propanolol, timolol, nadolol are contraindicated in what type of patients and why

A

those with COPD and asthma because of blockage of beta 2 which leads to contraction of bronchial SM hence leading to a respiratory crisis

also kind of diabetics especially after they take their insulin injection since their beta 2 receptor is blocked on the liver and skeletal muscle hence less glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis (hence glucose level has to be watched)

17
Q

what is propanolol used to treat

A

hypertension, glaucoma, migraine, hyperthyroidism, angina pectoris, atrial fibrillation, myocardial infarction, performance anxiety (stage fright), essential tremor

18
Q

beta blocker are contraindicated in what type of heart problem

A

variant angina

19
Q

adverse effects of beta blockers

A
  • bronchoconstriction
  • affect recovery from hypoglycemia in insulin dependent diabetics
  • mask tachycardia that is seen in hypoglycemia as a warning sign
  • affect lipolysis
  • CNS effects
20
Q

why shouldn’t beta blocker be stopped abruptly

A

to avoid tachycardia, hypertension, and ischemia

21
Q

what is nadolol used for

A
  • long term management of angina pectoris

- hypertension

22
Q

what is tomolol used for

A
  • hypertension
  • prophylaxis for migraine
  • open angle glaucoma
23
Q

beta one selective antagonist

A

atenolol, metoprolol, esmolol

MEA

24
Q

uses of atenolol and metoprolol

A
  • hypertension
  • angina pectoris long term
  • acute MI
25
Q

use of esmolol

A

better since it is short acting hence safer

  • supraventricular arrhythmias
  • arrhythmias associated with thyrotoxicosis, periop hypertension, myocardial ischemia
26
Q

alpha 1 and beta blocker

A

labetalol and carvedilol

27
Q

what is labetalol used for

A

hypertension

28
Q

adverse effects of labetalol

A

orthostatic hypotension and dizziness

hepatic injury

29
Q

what is carvedilol used for

A

hypertension and CHF

30
Q

chemically how does pindolol work and what is its use

A

partial beta agonist

hypertension

31
Q

adrenergic drugs that act presynaptically

A

alpha methyltyrosine (metyrosine), reserpine, tetrabenazine

32
Q

chemically how does metyrosine work and what is its use

A

it inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase which turn tyr to dopa

used as an adjuvant to phenoxybenzamine to treat pheochromocytoma

33
Q

how does reserpine work and what is it used for

A

irreversible inhibitor of VMAT leading to depletion of NE

hypertension

34
Q

how does tetrabenazine work and what is it used for

A

reversible inhibitor of VMAT

chorea associated with Huntington’s

Pharmacology (79 decks)

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