Adrenergic Antagonists Flashcards Preview

► Med - Pharmacology > Adrenergic Antagonists > Flashcards

Flashcards in Adrenergic Antagonists Deck (28)
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1
Q

What are the types of adrenergic antagonists?

A
  • Non-Selective (β1 and β2)
  • Cardioselective (β1)
  • Partial Agonist (β1 and β2)
2
Q

What are the non-selective β blockers?

A

Propranolol, nadolol, timolol

3
Q

What are the effects of propranolol, nadolol and timolol?

A

Decreased HR
Decreased contractility
Decreased renin release
Reduced sympathetic activation Inhibition of aqueous humor production

4
Q

Propranolol, nadolol, timolol indication

A
Hypertension
Angina
Glaucoma
Heart failure
Arrhythmia
5
Q

Propranolol, nadolol, timolol Toxicity

A

Bronchospasm
Mask symptoms of hypoglycemia
Bradycardia

6
Q

Propranolol, nadolol, timolol Contraindications

A

Bronchospasm during asthma
Sinus bradycardia
2nd and 3rd degree heart block
Cardiogenic Shock

7
Q

What are cardioselective β1-blockers?

A

Metoprolol, atenolol, esmolol

8
Q

What are the effects of metoprolol, atenolol, esmolol?

A

Decrease HR
Decrease contractility
Decrease renin release
Decreased sympathetic activation

LIMITED effect on respiratory system

9
Q

Metoprolol, atenolol, esmolol indication

A

Hypertension (metoprolol, atenolol),
Angina (metoprolol, atenolol)
Arrhythmia

10
Q

Metoprolol, atenolol, esmolol Toxicity

A

Depression
Insomnia
Hypotension
Bradycardia

11
Q

Metoprolol, atenolol, esmolol Contraindication

A

Sinus bradycardia
2nd and 3rd degree heart block
Cardiogenic Shock

12
Q

What is the half life of esmolol like?

A

Esmolol has very short half-life ~9 mins

13
Q

What is a partial agonist of β1 and β2?

A

Pindolol

14
Q

What is the effect of pindolol?

A

Decrease BP
Decrease contractility
Decrease renin release
Decreased sympathetic activation

15
Q

Pindolol indication

A

Hypertension in those who are less tolerant of bradycardia and reduced exercise capacity caused by other beta blockers without partial agonist activity

16
Q

Pindolol Toxicity

A

Same as for non-selected beta blockers

Bronchospasm
Mask symptoms of hypoglycemia
Bradycardia

17
Q

Pindolol Contraindications

A

Bronchospasm during asthma
Sinus bradycardia
2nd and 3rd degree heart block
Cardiogenic Shock

18
Q

What non-selective α-receptor antagonists?

A

Phenoxybenazmine (irreversible)

Phentolamine (reversible)

19
Q

What are the effects of phenoxybenzamine an phentolamine?

A

Decreased BP by inhibiting vasoconstriction

Increased chronotropy and inotropy due to blockade of pre-synaptic α2-receptor

20
Q

Phenoxybenzamine indication

A

Hypertension associated with perioperative treatment of pheochromocytoma, test for pheochromocytoma

21
Q

Phentolamine indication

A

Dermal necrosis and sloughing with vasoconstrictor extravasation

22
Q

Phenoxybenzamine an phentolamine Toxicity

A

Prolonged hypotension
Reflex tachycardia
Nasal Congestion

23
Q

Phenoxybenzamine an phentolamine Contraindications

A

Coronary Artery Disease

24
Q

What are the selective α1-receptor blockers?

A

Prazosin, doxazosin, and terazosin

25
Q

What are the effects of prazosin, doxazosin, and terazosin?

A

Inhibit vasoconstriction, resulting in vasodilation and decreased BP
Prostate muscle relaxation

26
Q

What is unique about the effect of prazosin, doxasin and terazosin on the heart?

A

They give less cardiac stimulation than non-selective α-blockers due to preservation of α2- adrenergic function

27
Q

Prazosin, doxazosin, and terazosin indication

A

Hypertension

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

28
Q

Prazosin, doxazosin, and terazosin Toxicity

A

Syncopy

Orthostatic hypotension

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